| NAION | non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy |
|---|---|
| HNPP | Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsies |
| HMSN | Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy |
| HMSN I | Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 1 |
| HNPP | Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy |
| brachial plexus neuropathy | A neurological disorder, of unknown cause, characterised by the sudden onset of severe pain, usually about the shoulder and often beginning at night, soon followed by weakness and wasting of various forequarter muscles, particularly shoulder girdle muscles; both sporadic and familial in occurrence with the former much more common; often preceded by some antecedent event, such as an upper respiratory infection, hospitalization, vaccination, or non-specific trauma; usually attributed to a brachial plexus lesion, because the nerve fibres involed are most often derived from the upper trunk, but actually multiple proximal mononeuropathies. Synonym: acute brachial radiculitis, brachial plexitis, brachial plexus neuropathy, Parsonage-Turner syndrome, shoulder-girdle syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| giant axonal neuropathy | <paediatrics> A rare disorder beginning at or after the third year of life, and presenting clinically with kinky hair, progressive painless clumsiness, muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and areflexia. Pathologically, both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres contain axonal spheroids packed with neurofilaments; sporadic in nature. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin B12 neuropathy | A subacute or chronic disorder of the spinal cord, such as that occurring in certain patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, characterised by a slight to moderate degree of gliosis in association with spongiform degeneration of the posterior and lateral columns. Synonym: combined sclerosis, combined system disease, funicular myelitis, Putnam-Dana syndrome, vitamin B12 neuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| peripheral neuropathy | <neurology> Injury to the nerves that supply sensation to the arms and legs. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (16 Dec 1997) |
| chronic interstitial hypertrophic neuropathy | dejerine-Sottas disease |
| motor dapsone neuropathy | A peripheral neuropathy due to ingestion of 4,4-deaminodiphenylsulphone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| compression neuropathy | A focal nerve lesion produced when sustained pressure is applied to a localised portion of the nerve, either from an external or internal source; the main source of injury is the pressure differential that exists between one portion of the nerve and another. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heavy metal neuropathy | Peripheral nervous system disorders attributed to intoxication of one of the heavy metals: arsenic, gold, lead, mercury, platinum and thallium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hypertrophic interstitial neuropathy | Sensorimotor neuropathy characterised pathologically by collections of Schwann cell processes arranged concentrically around one or more nerve fibres. No genetic factors are known in its aetiology.For hereditary types, see hereditary hypertrophic neuropathy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuropathy | <clinical sign> A general term denoting functional disturbances and/or pathological changes in the peripheral nervous system. If the involvement is in one nerve it is called mononeuropathy, in several nerves, mononeuropathy multiplex, if diffuse and bilateral, polyneuropathy. The aetiology may be known for example arsenical neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, ischaemic neuropathy, traumatic neuropathy) or unknown. Encephalopathy and myelopathy are corresponding terms relating to involvement of the brain and spinal cord, respectively. The term is also used to designate noninflammatory lesions in the peripheral nervous system, in contrast to inflammatory lesions (neuritis). Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (18 Nov 1997) |
| dapsone neuropathy | A peripheral neuropathy that develops in patients taking dapsone (4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone); unusual features include being a pure motor neuropathy, and beginning in the hands, sometimes asymmetrically. (05 Mar 2000) |
| symmetric distal neuropathy | <neurology> A disease process involving a number of peripheral nerves. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (14 Oct 1997) |
| diabetic neuropathy | <neurology, pathology> Long standing or poorly controlled diabetes can cause permanent peripheral and autonomic nerve dysfunction known as diabetic neuropathy. Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease (27 Sep 1997) |
| diphtheritic neuropathy | A rapidly developing peripheral neuropathy caused by a toxin elaborated by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ischemic neuropathy | Neuropathy resulting from acute or chronic ischemia of the involved nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |