| 영문 | musculoskeletal System | 한글 | 근골격계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육과 이들 근육이 붙어서 같이 활동을 수행하는 골격(뼈를 통털어 말함)을 함께 부르는 말. 따라서 여기의 근육은 모두 가로무늬근에 속하며, 수의적으로 움직일 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | muscular system | 한글 | 근육계통 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육에 의해 이루어진 하나의 계통을 임의적으로 나누어 부른 말. |
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| 영문 | male reproductive system | 한글 | 남성생식기계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 남성의 생식기는 여러 기관으로 구성되어 있다. 고환, 부고환, 정관, 정낭, 전립샘, 외부성기(음경) 등으로 구성되는데, 실제적으로 정자를 생성하는 곳은 단 한 곳 고환뿐이며, 나머지 기관은 이를 돕는 기능을 수행하고 있다. 정자는 고환의 정세관이란 곳에서 만들어진 뒤에 밖으로 나와 긴 여정을 시작하게 된다. 그 뒤 부고환을 지나 좀 더 성숙해 진 뒤에 정관에서 정낭의 분비물과 만나고 다시 요도로 나가게 된다. 이때 요도 뒤쪽에 위치하는 전립샘의 분비물이 합쳐지게 되고 이 정액은 외부성기를 거쳐서 밖으로 나가게 된다.  |
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| 영문 | lymphatic system | 한글 | 림프계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 대개 맥관계라고 하면, 혈관계와 림프관계를 합쳐서 말한다. 이중에 림프에 의해 이루어지는 하나의 계통이다. |
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| 영문 | immune system | 한글 | 면역체계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 세포성분 및 분자성분의 복합체계로서, 이의 일차기능은 자기(self)를 비자기(not self)로부터 구별하고 외부생물 또는 물질에 대해 방어하는 것이다. 일차적인 세포성분은 림프구와 큰포식세포이며 일차적인 분자성분은 항체와 림포카인이다. |
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| CSU | casualty staging unit; catheter specimen of urine; central statistical unit; clinical specialty unit... |
|---|---|
| cTNM | TNM (q.v.) staging of tumors as determined by clinical noninvasive examination |
| FAB | fast atom bombardment; formalin ammonium bromide; fragment, antigen-binding [of immunoglobulins]; Fr... |
| pTNM | TNM staging of tumors as determined by correlation of clinical, pathologic, and residual findings |
| sTNM | TNM staging of tumors as determined by surgical procedures |
| association system | Groups or tracts of nerve fibres interconnecting different regions of one and the same major subdivision of the central nervous system, such as the various areas of the cerebral cortex or the various segments of the spinal cord. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| autonomic nervous system | <anatomy> Neurons that are not under conscious control, comprising two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g., of the gut), and glands. The autonomic nervous system has two divisions: 1. The sympathetic nervous system that accelerates the heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and raises blood pressure. 2. The parasympathetic nervous system slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles. (03 Jul 1999) |
| autonomic nervous system diseases | Diseases that have their major effects on the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system may be seriously affected in many other disorders including other peripheral nervous system diseases, infectious diseases (e.g., tetanus, diphtheria), immunologic diseases (e.g., acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), and systemic disorders (e.g., diabetic neuropathy, amyloid neuropathy, thyroid diseases). Disorders of central autonomic control also contribute substantially to a wide variety of problems (e.g., eating disorders, panic disorder, water-electrolyte imbalance, cardiovascular diseases). (12 Dec 1998) |
| balanced lethal system | <genetics> A population with non-linked, recessive alleles of a gene, where an individual who has two copies of the recessive allele and is therefore homozygous is dead, while an individual who has only one copy of it, and one copy of a different allele (and is heterozygous) survives. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Bethesda system | Recent classification for categorizing cervical Papanicolaou smears. Origin: Bethesda, Maryland, site of NIH (05 Mar 2000) |
| blood-vascular system | The heart and the blood vessels by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bulbosacral system | parasympathetic part |
| cardiovascular system | The heart and the blood vessels by which blood is pumped and circulated through the body. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Mach Zehnder system | Interferometric system in which the original light beam is divided by a semi transparent mirror: object and reference beams pass through separate optical systems and are recombined by a second semi transparent mirror. Interference fringes are displaced if the optical path difference for the reference beam is greater and this can be compensated with a wedge shaped auxiliary object. The position of the wedge allows the phase retardation of the object to be measured. The Mach Zehnder system was used in a microscope designed by Leitz. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Galton's system of classification of fingerprints | A system of classification based on the variations in the patterns of the ridges, which are grouped into arches, loops, and whorls (A.L.W. Or arch-loop-whorl system). "Arches are formed when the ridges run from one side to the other of the bulb of the digit, without making any backward turn, but no twist; whorls, when there is a turn through at least one complete circle; they are also considered to include all duplex spirals." The abbreviations used in making a record of fingerprint's are: a, arch; l, loop; w, whorl; i, loop with an inner (thumb side) slope; o, loop with an outer (little-finger side) slope. The ten digits are registered in four groups as follows, distinguished by capital letters: A, the fore, middle, and ring fingers of the right hand; B, the fore, middle, and ring fingers of the left hand; C, the thumb and little finger of the right hand; D, the thumb and little finger of the left hand. See: dermatoglyphics. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gamma motor system | The reflex arc consisting of small anterior horn cells and neuroma, their small fibres projecting to the intrafusal bundle producing its contraction, which initiates the afferent impulses that pass through the posterior root to the anterior horn cells, inducing a stretch reflex. Synonym: gamma motor neurons, gamma motor system, Granit's loop. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vascular system | The cardiovascular and lymphatic system's collectively. Synonym: circulatory system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vasomotor system | The neural systems which act on vascular smooth muscle to control blood vessel diameter. The major neural control is through the sympathetic nervous system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gastric plexuses of autonomic system | The plexus's along the greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach derived from the coeliac plexus; also known as inferior and superior plexus. Synonym: plexus gastrici systematis autonomici. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vegetative nervous system | <anatomy> Neurons that are not under conscious control, comprising two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g., of the gut), and glands. The autonomic nervous system has two divisions: 1. The sympathetic nervous system that accelerates the heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and raises blood pressure. 2. The parasympathetic nervous system slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles. (03 Jul 1999) |