| middle stage HIV disease | <disease> This refers to an HIV infection that is characterised by signs and symptoms of HIV that are not life-threatening. Examples include oral thrush, gingivitis, seborrheic dermatitis, molluscum contangiosum, fevers, fatigue, lymph node swelling, malaise and weight loss. This stage can be a signal for the conversion from asymptomatic HIV disease to HIV disease (moe pronouced symptoms include joint pains). AIDS is diagnosed after HIV disease has started to manifest life-threatening oppotunistic infections (for example pneumocystis, cryptosporidium, toxoplasmosis, etc). (27 Sep 1997) |
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| primary HIV infection | <infectious disease> The flu-like syndrome that oc immediately after a person contracts HIV. This mini infection precedes seroconversion and is characterised fever, sore throat, headache, skin rash and swollen glands. (06 Mar 1998) |
| HIV | <virology> A type of retrovirus (human immunodeficiency virus) that is responsible for the fatal illness acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Two strains have been identified. Type 1: the retrovirus recognised as the agent that induces AIDS. Type 2: a virus closely related to HIV-1 that also leads to immune suppression. HIV-2 is not as virulent as HIV-1 and is epidemic only in West Africa. Acronym: HIV (11 Nov 1997) |
| HIV-1 | The type species of lentivirus and widely recognised as the aetiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). It is characterised by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the t4-lymphocyte. (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV-1 reverse transcriptase | <enzyme> HIV-1 enzyme responsible for the synthesis of DNA from genomic RNA of the virus. It is encoded by the pol gene of HIV-1. Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV-2 | An HIV species related to HIV-1 but carrying different antigenic components and with differing nucleic acid composition. It shares serologic reactivity and sequence homology with the simian lentivirus siv and infects only t4-lymphocytes expressing the CD4 phenotypic marker. (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV-2 protease | <enzyme> Processes hiv-1pr53(gag) and analogous junction peptides in vitro; less than 60% amino acid identity to hiv-1 protease Registry number: EC 3.4.23.- Synonym: hiv2 protease (26 Jun 1999) |
| HIV-2 reverse transcriptase | <enzyme> Responsible for synthesis of double-stranded DNA from the genomic RNA of the virus; has rnase h and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities; was indexed as reverse transcriptase (87-91) Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| HIV antibodies | Antibodies reactive with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, previously called HTLV-III/lav) antigens of aids. This includes HIV-1 antibodies and HIV-2 antibodies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV antigens | Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (lav) antigens. (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV encephalopathy | <immunology> A frequent cerebral condition in people with AIDS that results in the loss of cognitive capacity, affecting the ability to function in a social or occupational setting. Its cause has not been determined exactly, but may result from HIV infection of cells in the brain or an inflammatory reaction to such infection. (09 Oct 1997) |
| HIV enhancer | Cis-acting regulatory sequences in the HIV long terminal repeat (ltr) which play a major role in induction or augmentation of HIV gene expression in response to environmental stimuli such as mitogens, phorbol esters, or other viruses. The HIV enhancer is the binding site for many cellular transcription factors including the nuclear factor nf-kappa b. (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV enteropathy | Chronic, well-established diarrhoea (greater than one month in duration) without an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an HIV-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or indirect effects of HIV on the enteric mucosa. HIV enteropathy is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms of diarrhoeal illness have been ruled out. (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV infections | Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru aids-related complex (arc), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). (12 Dec 1998) |
| HIV integrase | <enzyme> Enzyme of the human immunodeficiency virus that is required to integrate viral DNA into cellular DNA in the nucleus of a host cell. HIV integrase is a DNA nucleotidyltransferase encoded by the pol gene. Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (12 Dec 1998) |