| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| 영문 | renal transplantation | 한글 | 콩팥이식 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥병을 가지고 있으나 치료가 불가능한 만성콩팥기능상실 등의 질병을 가진 환자의 신장을 떼어내고 환자와 항원성이 유사한 사람의 콩팥을 이식해주는 것. 이 때 서로간의 항원성의 유사점이 많아야 거부반응이 일어나지 않는다. 그리고 일단 콩팥이식을 받은 사람은 오랜기간 동안 면역억제제를 투여하여 거부반응을 줄여야 한다. 대개 이식된 콩팥은 엉덩뼈오목에 위치하게 된다. |
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| retrocedent gout | An obsolete term for the occurrence of severe gastric, cardiac, or cerebral symptoms during an attack of gout, especially when the joint and other symptoms suddenly subside at the same time. Saturnine gout, gout occurring in a person with lead poisoning. Synonym: lead gout. Secondary gout, gout resulting from increased serum uric acid levels as a result of an antecedent disease, such as a proliferative disease of the blood and bone marrow, lead poisoning, or prolonged chronic renal failure (on dialysis). Tophaceous gout, gout in which deposits of uric acid and urates occur as gouty tophi. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| gout | <rheumatology> Recurrent acute arthritis of peripheral joints caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crytals. Often presents as pain and swelling confined to one joint. The big toe joint is commonly affected. The arthritis occurs secondary to an inherited abnormality of purine metabolism, resulting in the deposition of uric acid crystals (sodium urate) within the joint space and articular cartilage. Usually due to overproduction of uric acid but may be a result of under excretion. The problems partly arise because neutrophils release lysosomal enzymes as a result of damage to the phagosome membrane by ingested crystals: colchicine acts to reduce the attack by inhibiting lysosome phagosome fusion. (18 Nov 1997) |
| gout arthritis | <rheumatology> Recurrent acute arthritis of peripheral joints caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crytals. Often presents as pain and swelling confined to one joint. The big toe joint is commonly affected. The arthritis occurs secondary to an inherited abnormality of purine metabolism, resulting in the deposition of uric acid crystals (sodium urate) within the joint space and articular cartilage. Usually due to overproduction of uric acid but may be a result of under excretion. The problems partly arise because neutrophils release lysosomal enzymes as a result of damage to the phagosome membrane by ingested crystals: colchicine acts to reduce the attack by inhibiting lysosome phagosome fusion. (18 Nov 1997) |
| gout diet | A diet containing a minimal quantity of purine bases (meats); liver, kidney, and sweetbread especially are excluded and replaced by dairy products, fruits, and cereals; alcoholic beverages also are excluded. Synonym: purine-free diet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gout suppressants | Agents that increase uric acid excretion by the kidney (uricosuric agents), decrease uric acid production (antihyperuricaemics), or alleviate the pain and inflammation of acute attacks of gout. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gout, tophaceous | A form of chronic gout. Nodular masses of uric acid crystals (tophi) are deposited in different soft tissue areas of the body. Even though tophi are most commonly found as hard nodules around the fingers, at the tips of the elbows, and around the big toe, tophi nodules can appear anywhere in the body. They have been reported in unexpected areas such as in the ears, vocal cords, or around the spinal cord! (12 Dec 1998) |
| primary gout | Acute episodes of crystal-induced synovitis due to abnormality of purine metabolism; lower than normal urinary excretion of urate leading to hyperuricaemia and acute episodes of joint inflammation. Synonym: primary gout. Interval gout, an asymptomatic phase between acute attacks of gout. Latent gout, hyperuricaemia without symptoms of gout. Often used synonymously with interval gout. Synonym: masked gout. (05 Mar 2000) |
| idiopathic gout | Acute episodes of crystal-induced synovitis due to abnormality of purine metabolism; lower than normal urinary excretion of urate leading to hyperuricaemia and acute episodes of joint inflammation. Synonym: primary gout. Interval gout, an asymptomatic phase between acute attacks of gout. Latent gout, hyperuricaemia without symptoms of gout. Often used synonymously with interval gout. Synonym: masked gout. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tophaceous gout | Nodular masses of uric acid crystals (tophi) are deposited in different soft tissue areas of the body. Even though tophi are most commonly found as hard nodules around the fingers, at the tips of the elbows, and around the big toe, tophi nodules can appear anywhere in the body. They have been reported in unexpected areas such as in the ears, vocal cords, or around the spinal cord! tophaceous gout is always a result of chronic gout. (12 Dec 1998) |
| lead gout | saturnine gout |
| acquired platelet function defect | <haematology> Platelet function can be affected by a number of different disease processes including polycythaemia vera, leukaemia, myelofibrosis, renal failure, multiple myeloma and some medications (for example penicillins, salicylates, phenothiazines). Disturbed blood clotting can be manifested by: easy bruising, bleeding gums, nosebleeds, abnormal vaginal bleeding, rectal bleeding, skin rash, vomiting blood, coughing up blood or blood in the urine. A measure of bleeding time and coagulation profile will be part of the evaluation. (29 Dec 1997) |
| allomeric function | The combined function of the several segments of the spinal cord and medulla, communicating with each other by means of the white matter. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aperture function | <microscopy> In a diffraction-limited optical system, the function that determines the relationship between the image and each point in the object. Modifying the aperture function changes the image according to the modified Fourier-filtering (or optical filtration) property of the aperture. (05 Aug 1998) |
| arousal function | The ability of a sensory event to arouse the cortex to vigilance or readiness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atrial function | The haemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the atria. (12 Dec 1998) |