| glycine-succinate cycle | A series of metabolic steps in which glycine is condensed with succinyl-CoA and is then oxidised to CO2 and H2O with regeneration of the succinyl-CoA; important in the synthesis of d-aminolevulinic acid and in the metabolism of red blood cells. Synonym: Shemin cycle. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| glycine synthase | A complex of several proteins that catalyze the reversible reaction of glycine with tetrahydrofolate to produce CO2, NH3, and N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate; a deficiency of this enzyme (or one of its subunits) will result in nonketotic hyperglycinaemia. Synonym: glycine synthase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine transamidinase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the transfer of an amidine group from l-arginine to glycine, forming guanidinoacetate and l-ornithine; an important reaction in creatine synthesis; it can also act on canavanine. Synonym: glycine transamidinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine-trna ligase | <enzyme> An enzyme that activates glycine with its specific transfer RNA. Chemical name: Glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.1.1.14 (12 Dec 1998) |
| alanine transaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of l-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and l-glutamate. Chemical name: L-Alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase Registry number: EC 2.6.1.2 (12 Dec 1998) |
| aspartate transaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyses the reaction of l-aspartate and 2-ketoglutarate to yield oxaloacetate and l-glutamate. The enzyme is a pyridoxal phosphate protein. In the liver the reaction transfers excess metabolic nitrogen into aspartate for disposal in the urea cycle. Chemical name: L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransaminase Registry number: EC 2.6.1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| valine-pyruvate transaminase | <enzyme> E coli enzyme catalyzing the terminal step of valine biosynthesis; consider also EC 2.6.1.42, branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase; alanine-alpha-oxoisovalerate aminotransferase and alanine-alpha-ketoisovalerate aminotransferase were ens to alanine aminotransferase 1981-93 Registry number: EC 2.6.1.66 Synonym: alanine-valine transaminase, transaminase c, alanine alpha-ketoisovalerate aminotransferase, alanine-alpha-oxoisovalerate aminotransferase, alanine-alpha-ketoisovalerate aminotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamic-aspartic transaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid; a diagnostic aid in viral hepatitis and in myocardial infarctions. Synonym: aspartate transaminase, glutamic-aspartic transaminase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid; a diagnostic aid in viral hepatitis and in myocardial infarctions. Synonym: aspartate transaminase, glutamic-aspartic transaminase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutamic-pyruvic transaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme that is found primarily in the liver. It is released into the bloodstream as the result of liver damage. Also called the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). (27 Sep 1997) |
| glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing) | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of fructose-6-phosphate plus glutamine from glutamate plus glucosamine-6-phosphate. Chemical name: L-Glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (hexose-isomerizing) Registry number: EC 2.6.1.16 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutamine - phenylpyruvate transaminase | <enzyme> A cysteine conjugate beta-lyase which also carries out transamination of glutamine; without beta-lyase activity use glutamine-pyruvate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.15) Registry number: EC 2.6.1.64 Synonym: dichlorovinylcysteine beta-lyase, glutamine transaminase k (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamine transaminase | <enzyme> An enzyme that reversibly converts l-glutamine, alpha-ketoglutaramate, and l-glutamate; alpha-ketoglutaramate is elevated in certain cases of hepatocoma. Synonym: glutamine transaminase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cephalosporin C transaminase | <enzyme> Acts on cephalosporin c and a number of d-amino acids; alpha-ketoadipic and alpha-ketoglutaric acids act as acceptors Registry number: EC 2.6.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| cysteine conjugate transaminase | <enzyme> Generates thiopyruvates by deamination of cysteine conjugates leaving the r-s-c bond intact Registry number: EC 2.6.1.- Synonym: cysteine-conjugate alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase (26 Jun 1999) |