| glycine-succinate cycle | A series of metabolic steps in which glycine is condensed with succinyl-CoA and is then oxidised to CO2 and H2O with regeneration of the succinyl-CoA; important in the synthesis of d-aminolevulinic acid and in the metabolism of red blood cells. Synonym: Shemin cycle. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| glycine synthase | A complex of several proteins that catalyze the reversible reaction of glycine with tetrahydrofolate to produce CO2, NH3, and N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate; a deficiency of this enzyme (or one of its subunits) will result in nonketotic hyperglycinaemia. Synonym: glycine synthase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine transamidinase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the transfer of an amidine group from l-arginine to glycine, forming guanidinoacetate and l-ornithine; an important reaction in creatine synthesis; it can also act on canavanine. Synonym: glycine transamidinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycine-trna ligase | <enzyme> An enzyme that activates glycine with its specific transfer RNA. Chemical name: Glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.1.1.14 (12 Dec 1998) |
| adenosylmethionine decarboxylase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of s-adenosyl-l-methionine to yield 5'-deoxy-(5'-),3-aminopropyl-(1), methylsulfonium salt. It is one of the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of spermidine from putrescine. Chemical name: S-Adenosyl-L-methionine carboxy-lyase Registry number: EC 4.1.1.50 (12 Dec 1998) |
| alpha-ketoarginine decarboxylase | <enzyme> Alpha-ketoarginine gives gamma-guanidinobutyraldehyde Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- Synonym: alpha keto-arginine decarboxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| aromatic d-amino-acid decarboxylase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of l-dopa to dopamine, of l-tryptophan to tryptamine, and of l-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin; important in the biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines and melanin. Synonym: dopa decarboxylase, hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aspartate 1-decarboxylase | <enzyme> A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyses the alpha-decarboxylation of l-glutamic acid to form gamma-aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide. The enzyme is found in bacteria and in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in determining gaba levels in normal nervous tissues. The brain enzyme also acts on l-cysteate, l-cysteine sulfinate, and l-aspartate. Chemical name: L-Glutamate-1-carboxy-lyase Registry number: EC 4.1.1.15 (12 Dec 1998) |
| aspartate 4-decarboxylase | Aspartate beta-decarboxylase;a carboxy-lyase converting l-aspartate to l-alanine (releasing CO2); it decarboxylates aminomalonate and (in bacteria) removes SO2 from cysteinesulfinate. See: desulfinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase | <enzyme> Forms beta-alanine Registry number: EC 4.1.1.11 Synonym: aspartate 1-decarboxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase | <enzyme> Nspc protein isolated from vibrio alginolyticus; genbank d31783 Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- Synonym: cans dc, nspc gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| malonate saemialdehyde decarboxylase | <enzyme> Forms acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutaconyl CoA decarboxylase | <enzyme> Forms crotonyl CoA Registry number: EC 4.1.1.- Synonym: glutaconyl coenzyme a decarboxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamate decarboxylase | <enzyme> A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyses the alpha-decarboxylation of l-glutamic acid to form gamma-aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide. The enzyme is found in bacteria and in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in determining gaba levels in normal nervous tissues. The brain enzyme also acts on l-cysteate, l-cysteine sulfinate, and l-aspartate. Chemical name: L-Glutamate-1-carboxy-lyase Registry number: EC 4.1.1.15 (12 Dec 1998) |
| methionine decarboxylase | <enzyme> From fern dryopteris filix-mas; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate required for activity; converts methionine to 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde Registry number: EC 4.1.1.57 Synonym: l-methionine decarboxylase (26 Jun 1999) |