| 영문 | acetic acid | 한글 | 아세트산, 초산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 분자식은 C2H4O2, 분자량 60.05의 저급 지방산이다. CH3COOH의 구조식을 가진 무색액체로 16.7℃에서 녹고 118.0℃에서 끓는다. 식초의 신맛을 내는 것이고, 농축된 것을 빙초산이라 한다. 상온에서는 액체이며 수용액은 약산성이다. 생체내에서는 일반적으로 아세틸 CoA로 존재하며 아세틸기의 공급원이 되는 외에 지방산이나 스테로이드 등의 생성재료로 중요하다. 아세틸 CoA로부터는 케톤체가 합성되며 조직의 에너지원이 된다. |
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| 영문 | acetylsalicylic acid | 한글 | 아세틸살리실산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 상품명이 아스피린(asprin)인 약. 대표적인 비스테로이드 항염약이다. 즉 항염증(anti-inflammatory), 진통(analgesis), 해열(anti-pyretic)의 효과가 모두 뛰어나지만 위장장애, 과다호흡, 라이증후군(Reye syndrome) 등의 부작용이 있다. |
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| 영문 | uric acid | 한글 | 요산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 결정성의 산. 2, 6, 8-trioxypurine. 화학식은 C5H4N4O3로 사람과 동물의 오줌에서 얻을 수 있다. 핵의 대사산물의 하나. 물, 알콜, 에테르(ether)에는 거의 녹지 않으나 알칼리염의 용액에는 녹는다. 이것의 나트륨염 형태(sodium urate)가 결석의 대부분을 차지한다. 급성백혈병 치료 초기단계와 통풍(Gout)에서 혈중요산이 급격히 오를 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast bacillus | 한글 | 항산막대균, 항산균 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 아닐린 색소에 염색되기 힘드나 일단 염색되면 강산으로 처리하여도 탈색되지 아니하는 세균을 통틀어 이르는 말. 결해균, 나병균 따위가 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast staining | 한글 | 항산염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 항산성성질(좀처럼 염색이 되지 않으나 한번 염색이 되면 산성용액에 의해서 탈색이 되지 않는 성질)을 가진 균(예를 들면 결핵균 등)의 검출에 이용되는 염색방법. 방법에는 Ziehl-Neelson법과 Kinyoun법 등이 있다. |
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| HES | health examination survey; hematoxylin-eosin stain; human embryonic skin; human embryonic spleen; hy... |
|---|---|
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| PAS | 1) Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain 2) Para-Amino-Salicyclic Acid &nbs... |
| PASH | periodic acid-Schiff hematoxylin |
| PTAH | phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin |
Zeune's law 맹인의 수는 적도에 가까운 열대지방에서 증가한다.
zidovudin
| Ehrlich's diazo reagent | Two solutions, one of sodium nitrite, the other of acidified sulfanilic acid, used in bringing about diazotization. Synonym: Ehrlich's diazo reagent. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Ehrlich's inner body | A round oxyphil body found in the red blood cell in case of haemocytolysis due to a specific blood poison. Synonym: Heinz-Ehrlich body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ehrlich's phenomenon | The difference between the amount of diphtheria toxin that will exactly neutralise one unit of antitoxin and that which, added to one unit of antitoxin, will leave one lethal dose free is greater than one lethal dose of toxin; i.e., it is necessary to add more than one lethal dose of toxin to a neutral mixture of toxin and antitoxin to make the mixture lethal (the basis of the L+ dose). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ehrlich's postulate | Ehrlich postulated that cells contained surface extensions or side chains (haptophores) that bind to the antigenic determinants of a toxin (toxophores); after a cell is stimulated, the haptophores are released into the circulation and become the antibodies. See: receptor. Synonym: Ehrlich's postulate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ehrlich's theory | Ehrlich postulated that cells contained surface extensions or side chains (haptophores) that bind to the antigenic determinants of a toxin (toxophores); after a cell is stimulated, the haptophores are released into the circulation and become the antibodies. See: receptor. Synonym: Ehrlich's postulate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ehrlich-Turk line | Seldom-used term for the vertical, thin deposition of material on the posterior surface of the cornea in uveitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acid-fast stain | <technique> A staining technique used to determine the cell wall property of a microorganism. After stained with dye such as hot carbolfuschin, an acid-fast organism, (for example Mycobacterium species) will retain the colour in its cell wall after being washed with acid-alcohol. (13 Nov 1997) |
| acid stain | <technique> A dye in which the anion is the coloured component of the dye molecule, e.g., sodium eosinate (eosin). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Altmann's anilin-acid fuchsin stain | <technique> A mixture of picric acid, anilin, and acid fuchsin which stains mitochondria crimson against a yellow background. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bauer's chromic acid leucofuchsin stain | <technique> A stain for glycogen and fungi utilizing chromic acid as an oxidizing agent of polysaccharides, followed by Schiff's reagent; glycogen and fungi cell walls appear deep red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Rambourg's periodic acid-chromic methenamine-silver stain | <technique> A stain for glycoproteins, used with an electron microscope, adapted from the Gomori-Jones periodic acid-methenamine-silver stain; it produces silver deposits in mature saccules of the Golgi apparatus, lysosomal vesicles, cell coat, and basement membranes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mallory's phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain | A stain with broad application in cytology and histology; nuclei, mitochrondria, fibrin, neuroglial fibrils, and cross-striations of skeletal and cardiac muscle stain blue; cartilage ground substance, bone reticulum, and elastin appear in shades of yellow-orange and brownish red; also useful for demonstrating abnormal or diseased astrocytes, often in combination with periodic acid-Schiff stain and Luxol fast blue. Synonym: Mallory's phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gomori-Jones periodic acid-methenamine-silver stain | <technique> A staining method using methenamine silver, periodic acid, gold chloride, haematoxylin, and eosin to delineate basement membrane, reticulin, collagen, and nuclei; used in renal histopathology. See: Rambourg's periodic acid-chromic methenamine-silver stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gomori's non-specific acid phosphatase stain | <technique> A method in which formalin-fixed frozen sections are incubated in a substrate containing sodium beta-glycerophosphate and lead nitrate at pH 5.0; the insoluble lead phosphate produced is treated with ammonium sulfide to give a black lead sulfide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| periodic acid Schiff stain | <technique> A histochemical technique based on periodic acid oxidation of a substance containing the 1,2-glycol grouping. It is used for staining carbohydrates as the resulting dialdehyde reacts with Schiff reagent to form a coloured product. Substances that can be demonstrated include carbohydrates, mucins, cartilage matrix, collagen, reticulum, basement membranes, fibrin, thyroid colloid, amyloid, glomerular hyaline deposits, and a number of other secretions or tissue constituents. Also used in for staining gels on which glycoproteins have been run. See: periodic acid Schiff reaction Synonym: PAS stain. (22 Sep 2002) |