| CDG | central developmental groove |
|---|---|
| DA | dark adaptation; dark agouti [rat]; daunomycin; degenerative arthritis; delayed action; Dental Assis... |
| DART | developmental and reproductive toxicology |
| DBDG | distobuccal developmental groove |
| DD | dangerous drug; data definition; day of delivery; degenerated disc; degenerative disease; delusional... |
pervasive developmental disorder
| developmental lines | Fine lines found in the enamel of a tooth that mark the junction of the lobes of the crown in its development. Synonym: developmental lines. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| developmental milestones | <paediatrics> (1-3 years) In ascending order: masters walking, recognises gender differences, uses up to 8 words and understands simple commands, able to run, pivot and walk backwards, uses spoon to feed self, can name pictures of common objects, can point to body parts, imitates speech of others, begins pedaling tricycle, learns to take turns in play with other children, able to feed self neatly with minimal spill, able to say first and last name, able to draw a line when shown, dresses self with minimal help, learns to share toys without parent direction (12-18 years) In ascending order: boys exhibit secondary sexual characteristics (chest, facial, axillary and pubic hair growth voice changes, penile enlargement), movement into adult height/weight category, cognitive abilities move from simply concrete to abstract, peer acceptance and recognition is vital (3-6 years) In ascending order: rides tricycle well, able to draw a circle, able to draw stick figures, hops on one foot, catches a bounced ball, understands size concepts, enjoys rhymes and word play, able to skip, increased independence in performing tasks without parental assistance, begins to ride bicycle, understands time concepts, begins to recognise written words, starts reading skills, starts school (6-12 years) In ascending order: understands and is able to follow sequential directions, beginning skills for team sports, begins to lose baby teeth and erupt permanent teeth, reading skills develop further, peer recognition becomes important, girls begin to demonstrate secondary sexual characteristics (pubic hair, axillary hair, breast development), first menstrual period may occur (birth-1 year) In ascending order: displays social smile, rolls over by self, able to sit alone without support, babbling, plays peek-a-boo, eruption of first tooth, pulls self to standing position, walks while holding on to furniture or other support, says mama or dada in proper situations, able to drink from cup, understands NO and will stop activity in response, walks without support (27 Sep 1997) |
| developmental psychology | The study of the psychological, physiological, and behavioural changes in an organism that occur from birth to old age. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adjustment disorders | Maladaptive reactions to identifiable psychosocial stressors occurring within a short time after onset of the stressor. They are manifested by either impairment in social or occupational functioning or by symptoms (depression, anxiety, etc.) that are in excess of a normal and expected reaction to the stressor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| affective disorders | A class of mental disorder's characterised by a disturbance in mood. (05 Mar 2000) |
| affective disorders, psychotic | Disorders in which the essential feature is a severe disturbance in mood (depression, anxiety, elation, and excitement) accompanied by psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, gross impairment in reality testing, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| alcohol-related disorders | Mental disorders related or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol. (12 Dec 1998) |
| amphetamine-related disorders | Disorders related or resulting from use of amphetamines. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anxiety disorders | Disorders in which anxiety (persistent feelings of apprehension, tension, or uneasiness) is the predominant disturbance. (12 Dec 1998) |
| articulation disorders | Disorders of speech sound production characterised by substitution, omission, and distortion of sounds. (12 Dec 1998) |
| auditory perceptual disorders | Disorders of auditory perception manifesting as difficulties with auditory memory, speech perception and sound localization. Lesions are usually in the temporal lobe. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bowel disorders and fibre | High fibre diets help delay the progression of diverticulosis and, at least, reduce the bouts of diverticulitis. In many cases, it helps reduce the symptoms of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome ( IBS ). It is generally accepted that a diet high in fibre is protective, or at least reduces the incidence, of colon polyps and colon cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| calcium metabolism disorders | Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gender identity disorders | A class of mental disorders characterised by an incongruity between an assigned culturally determined set of attitudes, behaviour patterns, and physical characteristics associated with masculinity or femininity and gender identity. See: transsexualism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paranoid disorders | Chronic mental disorders in which there has been an insidious development of a permanent and unshakeable delusional system (persecutory delusions or delusions of jealousy), accompanied by preservation of clear and orderly thinking. Emotional responses and behaviour are consistent with the delusional state. (12 Dec 1998) |