| acid-base balance | The normal balance between acid and base in the blood plasma, expressed in the hydrogen ion concentration or pH, resulting from the relative amounts of acidic and basic materials ingested and produced by body metabolism, compared to the relative amounts of acidic and basic materials excreted from the body and consumed by body metabolism; the normal state of acid-base balance is not one of neutrality, with equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions, but a more alkaline state with a certain excess of hydroxyl ions. Synonym: acid-base equilibrium. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| acid-base equilibrium | A condition in which the net rate of acid or alkali production by the body is balanced by the net rate of acid or alkali excretion from the body, resulting in a stable concentration of hydrogen ions in the body fluids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acid-base imbalance | Disturbances in the acid-base equilibrium of the body. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acrylic resin base | A form made of acrylic resin molded to conform to the tissues of the alveolar process and used to support the teeth of a prosthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aldehyde base | An obsolete term for an imide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior cranial base | The portion of the internal base of the skull, anterior to the sphenoidal ridges and limbus, in which the frontal lobes of the brain rest. Synonym: fossa cranii anterior, anterior cranial base. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bandrowski's base | <chemical> Reported cause of anaphylactic reaction. Synonym: n',n'-bis(4-aminophenyl)-2,5-diamino-1,4-quinonediimine (26 Jun 1999) |
| base | <chemistry> The nonacid part of a salt, a substance that combines with acids to form salts, a substance that dissociates to give hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions, a substance whose molecule or ion can combine with a proton (hydrogen ion), a substance capable of donating a pair of electrons (to an acid) for the formation of a coordinate covalent bond. (13 Nov 1997) |
| base analogue | <biochemistry> A chemical which resembles a nucleotide base. They can substitute the Purine and pyrimidine bases that normally appear in DNA, despite minor differences in structure. May be used for inducing mutations, including point mutations. For example: 5 bromouracil can replace thymine or 2 aminopurine replace adenine. (13 Nov 1997) |
| base composition | <biochemistry> In reference to nucleic acid, the proportion of the total bases consisting of guanine plus cytosine or thymine plus adenine base pairs. Usually expressed as a guanine + cytosine (G+C) value, for example 60% G+C. (09 Oct 1997) |
| base deficit | A decrease in the total concentration of blood buffer base, indicative of metabolic acidosis or compensated respiratory alkalosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| base dissociation constant | <chemistry> This is the equilibrium constant for the reaction in which a weak base breaks apart in water to form its conjugate acid and hydroxide ion. (09 Oct 1997) |
| base excess | A measure of metabolic alkalosis, usually predicted from the Siggaard-Andersen nomogram; the amount of strong acid that would have to be added per unit volume of whole blood to titrate it to pH 7.4 while at 37캜 and at a carbon dioxide pressure of 40 mm Hg. (05 Mar 2000) |
| base hospital | A hospital unit located in a military or recreational encampment; usually of small size and limited facilities, for immediate care of illnesses and injuries. Synonym: camp hospital. (05 Mar 2000) |
| base in DNA | A unit of the DNA. There are 4 bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The sequence of bases (for example, CAG) is the genetic code. (12 Dec 1998) |