| 영문 | acetylsalicylic acid | 한글 | 아세틸살리실산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 상품명이 아스피린(asprin)인 약. 대표적인 비스테로이드 항염약이다. 즉 항염증(anti-inflammatory), 진통(analgesis), 해열(anti-pyretic)의 효과가 모두 뛰어나지만 위장장애, 과다호흡, 라이증후군(Reye syndrome) 등의 부작용이 있다. |
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| 영문 | uric acid | 한글 | 요산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 결정성의 산. 2, 6, 8-trioxypurine. 화학식은 C5H4N4O3로 사람과 동물의 오줌에서 얻을 수 있다. 핵의 대사산물의 하나. 물, 알콜, 에테르(ether)에는 거의 녹지 않으나 알칼리염의 용액에는 녹는다. 이것의 나트륨염 형태(sodium urate)가 결석의 대부분을 차지한다. 급성백혈병 치료 초기단계와 통풍(Gout)에서 혈중요산이 급격히 오를 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast bacillus | 한글 | 항산막대균, 항산균 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 아닐린 색소에 염색되기 힘드나 일단 염색되면 강산으로 처리하여도 탈색되지 아니하는 세균을 통틀어 이르는 말. 결해균, 나병균 따위가 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast staining | 한글 | 항산염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 항산성성질(좀처럼 염색이 되지 않으나 한번 염색이 되면 산성용액에 의해서 탈색이 되지 않는 성질)을 가진 균(예를 들면 결핵균 등)의 검출에 이용되는 염색방법. 방법에는 Ziehl-Neelson법과 Kinyoun법 등이 있다. |
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| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
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| birch tar | Pyroligneous oil obtained by the dry distillation of the wood of Betula alba and rectified by steam distillation; used externally in the treatment of skin diseases. Synonym: birch tar. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| birch tar oil | Pyroligneous oil obtained by the dry distillation of the wood of Betula alba and rectified by steam distillation; used externally in the treatment of skin diseases. Synonym: birch tar. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rectified tar oil | A volatile oil distilled from pine tar; used externally in the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pine tar | Obtained by the destructive distillation of the wood of Pinus palustris and other species of Pinus; used internally as an expectorant, and externally in the treatment of skin diseases. Synonym: liquid pitch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| syndrome, tar | TAR stands for Thrombocytopenia (low blood platelets) and aplasia (absence) of the radius (the long bone on the thumb-side of the forearm), features characterizing this syndrome. There is phocomelia more than (flipper-limb) with the thumbs always present. The fibula (the smaller bone in thye lower leg) is often absent. The risk of bleeding from too few platelets is high in early infancy but lessens with age. The condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive trait with one gene (on a non-sex chromosome) coming from each parent to the tar child. Alternative names include more than thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome, radial aplasia-thrombocytopenia syndrome, and tetraphocomelia-thrombocytopenia syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tar | A thick, black, viscous liquid obtained by the distillation of wood, coal, etc, and having a varied composition according to the temperature and material employed in obtaining it. Coal tar. <chemical> Mineral tar, a kind of soft native bitumen. Tar board, a strong quality of millboard made from junk and old tarred rope. Tar water. A cold infusion of tar in water, used as a medicine. The ammoniacal water of gas works. Wood tar, tar obtained from wood. It is usually obtained by the distillation of the wood of the pine, spruce, or fir, and is used in varnishes, cements, and to render ropes, oakum, etc, impervious to water. Origin: OE. Terre, tarre, AS. Teru, teoru; akin to D. Teer, G. Teer, theer, Icel. Tjara, Sw. Tjara, Dan. Tiaere, and to E. Tree. 63. See Tree. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| tar acne | An occupational acne-like eruption due to prolonged contact with certain chlorinated compounds (naphthalenes and diphenyls); keratinous plugs (comedones) form in the pilosebaceous orifices, and variously sized small papules (2 to 4 mm) develop. Synonym: chlorine acne, tar acne. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tar camphor | <chemistry> A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon, C10H8, analogous to benzene, and obtained by the distillation of certain bituminous materials, such as the heavy oil of coal tar. It is the type and basis of a large number of derivatives among organic compounds. Formerly called also naphthaline. <chemistry> Naphthalene red, a yellow dyestuff obtained from certain nitro derivatives of naphthol. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| tar keratosis | Warty lesions of the face and hands resulting from repeated, prolonged exposure to tar and pitch; also occurs as keratoacanthoma-like lesions that can become malignant, particularly on the scrotum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tar syndrome | <syndrome> Tar stands for thrombocytopenia (low blood platelets) and aplasia (absence) of the radius (the long bone on the thumb-side of the forearm), features characterizing this syndrome. There is phocomelia (flipper-limb) with the thumbs always present. The fibula (the smaller bone in the lower leg) is often absent. The risk of bleeding from too few platelets is high in early infancy but lessens with age. The condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive trait with one gene (on a non-sex chromosome) coming from each parent to the tar child. Alternative names include thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome, radial aplasia-thrombocytopenia syndrome, and tetraphocomelia-thrombocytopenia syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tar-water | A cold infusion of tar in water, formerly regarded as a cure-all. (webster, 3d ed) (12 Dec 1998) |
| juniper tar | The empyreumatic volatile oil obtained from the woody portion of Juniperus oxycedrus; used externally for skin diseases. Synonym: cade oil. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Rambourg's chromic acid-phosphotungstic acid stain | <technique> A stain for glycoproteins, used with an electron microscope, with which ultrathin tissue sections reveal complex carbohydrates in the same locations as shown by Rambourg's periodic acid-chromic methenamine-silver stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| a1-acid glycoprotein | <biology> Plasma protein of mammals and birds, 38% carbohydrate. In humans a single chain glycoprotein of 39 kD. Increased levels are associated with inflammation, pregnancy and various diseases. (18 Nov 1997) |
| abscisic acid | <biochemistry> A lipid hormone that inhibits cell growth in plants, it is associated with fruit drop, leaf death and seed dormancy. It is synthesised in the plastids from carotenoids. This hormone helps plants deal with water loss, and its effects can be reversed with gibberellins. (06 May 1997) |