| 영문 | white blood cell(WBC), leukocyte | 한글 | 백혈구 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액내에 골수구계세포와 림프계세포, 단핵구계세포를 모두 통틀어 말한다. 백혈구의 증가가 있으면 대개 감염이 있거나, 혹은 탈수현상이 있음을 의미한다. 또한 지나친 백혈구수의 감소는 인체내 면역기능이 떨어져 있음을 의미하며, 다른 질병에 의해 나타나는 이차적인 현상이 아닌지 꼭 진단을 받아보아야 한다. |
||
| 영문 | whole blood | 한글 | 전혈, 온혈액 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액의 모든 성분이 하나도 제거되지 않은 온전한 혈액. 전혈은 엄격한 무균조건하에서, 선별한 공혈자로부터 채취한 것이며, 구연산 이온이나 헤파린 같은 항응공제로 응고를 방지하여 혈액보충 목적으로 사용한다. |
||
| 영문 | blood collection | 한글 | 채혈 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 모세관혈 : 혈구수-혈소판수 계산, 혈색소량, 혈구용적측정, 도말표본제작 등을 할때 사용된다. 귓불 또는 손가락끝바닥면을 충분히 마찰한 다음, 알코올로 소독-건조시켜서, 작은 칼 또는 종두침 혹은 1mm의 주사침으로 2~3mm의 깊이까지 찌른다. 맨처음 피방울은 닦아낸 후 다음 핏방울을 검사에 이용한다. 2. 정맥혈 : 대량의 혈액을 요하는 경우에 사용한다. 보통 (팔꿈치정중피부)주정중피정맥을 찌르며, 영유아의 경우에는 외경정맥을 선택하기도 한다. 지혈용 고무줄로 상단을 최저혈압에 상당하는 정도로 묶고, 주먹을 꼭 쥐게 하여 정맥을 노출시킨 후 멸균건조주사기를 혈관내에 삽입한다. 곧 바로 고무줄과 주먹을 풀고 채혈을 한 다음 혈액을 시험관에 넣는다. 2분이상의 정맥 울혈은 혈액성상에 변화를 가져온다. 2. 동맥혈 : 위팔동맥 또는 넙다리 동맥을 사용하여 천자부를 소독한 다음, 프로카인 국소마취를 한다. 채혈자 왼손의 가운데손가락과 둘째손가락으로 동맥을 고정하고, 주사침을 동맥에 45~65℃의 각도로 찔러 넣어 채혈 후 몸쪽동맥을 엄지손가락으로 압박하면서 주사침을 빼고, 그 뒤 5분간쯤 찌른 부위를 압박한다. |
||
| 영문 | blood-brain barrier(BBB) | 한글 | 혈뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌와 척수에는 혈류로부터 어떤 물질이 유입되는 것을 막는 장벽이다. 이것은 뇌와 척수에 존재하는 모세혈관의 투과성이 비교적 다른 모세혈관의 투과성보다 떨어지기 때문이다. |
||
| BGM | bedside glucose monitoring |
|---|---|
| HGM | hog gastric mucosa; human gene mapping; human glucose monitoring |
| CBF | capillary blood flow; cerebral blood flow; ciliary beat frequency; coronary blood flow; cortical blo... |
| HBF | hand blood flow; hemispheric blood flow; hemoglobinuric bilious fever; hepatic blood flow; hypothala... |
| BM | Bachelor of Medicine; barium meal; basal medium; basal metabolism; basement membrane; basilar membra... |
| drug monitoring | The process of observing, recording, or detecting the effects of a chemical substance administered to an individual therapeutically or diagnostically. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| intraocular pressure monitoring | <ophthalmology, technique> This is procedure which measures the pressure inside the eyes. This is a screening test for glaucoma. This test is performed by an ophthalmologist. (27 Sep 1997) |
| environmental monitoring | The monitoring of the level of toxicants, pollutants, or other harmful chemicals in the environment or workplace by measuring the amounts of these toxicants in the bodies of people and animals in that environment, among other methods. It also includes the measurement of environmental exposure. Humans and animals are used as indicators of toxic levels of undesirable chemicals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| uterine monitoring | Measurement or recording of contraction activity of the uterine muscle. It is used to determine progress of labour and assess status of pregnancy. It is also used in conjunction with foetal monitoring to determine foetal response to stress of maternal uterine contractions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| foetal monitoring | Physiologic or biochemical monitoring of the foetus. It is usually done during labour and may be performed in conjunction with the monitoring of uterine activity. It may also be performed prenatally as when the mother is undergoing surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| activated glucose | A nucleoside diphosphoglucose such as UDP glucose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adenosine diphosphate glucose | <chemical> Serves as the glycosyl donor for formation of bacterial glycogen, amylose in green algae, and amylopectin in higher plants. Chemical name: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P'-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl ester (12 Dec 1998) |
| Benedict's test for glucose | <biochemistry> A copper-reduction test for glucose in the urine, which involves thiocyanate in addition to copper sulfate for qualitative or quantitative use. (14 Aug 2000) |
| CDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose-3-dehydrase | <enzyme> A pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (pmp) dependent enzyme which catalyses the deoxygenation step in 3,6-dideoxyhexose synthesis, in which the c-3 hydroxyl group of the cdp-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-hexose intermediate is replaced by a hydrogen atom; isolated from yersinia pseudotuberculosis Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- Synonym: ckdg dehydrase, cytidine diphosphate-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose-3-dehydrase, cdp-6-deoxy-l-threo-d-glycero-4-hexulose 3-dehydrase (26 Jun 1999) |
| CDP-glucose oxidoreductase | <enzyme> From yersinia pseudotuberculosis; nad+-dependent; forms cdp-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose | <biochemistry> D glucose, a monosaccharide (hexose), C6H12O6, found in certain foodstuffs, especially fruits and in the normal blood of all animals. It is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, its utilisation being controlled by insulin. Excess glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles for use as needed and, beyond that, is converted to fat and stored as adipose tissue. Glucose appears in the urine in diabetes mellitus. Synonym: dextrose. Origin: Gr. Gleukos = sweetness, glykys = sweet (14 Oct 1997) |
| glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase | <enzyme> Glycerate-1,3-p(2) + glucose -1-p yields glycerate-p + glucose-1,6-p(2) Chemical name: glucose 1,6-diphosphate synthase Registry number: EC 2.7.1.106 (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose-1-fructose-2-oxidoreductase | <enzyme> Catalyses intermolecular oxidation-reduction of glucose and fructose to form gluconolactone and sorbitol; contains tightly bound nadp as h+ carrier; does not require added cofactor Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose-1-phosphatase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of d-glucose 1-phosphate and water to d-glucose and orthophosphate Registry number: EC 3.1.3.10 Synonym: agp gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| glucose 1-phosphate | <biochemistry> Product of glycogen breakdown by phosphorylase. Converted to glucose 6 phosphate by phosphoglucomutase. (18 Nov 1997) |