| ¿µ¹® | drug | ÇÑ±Û | ¾à, ¾à¹°, ¾àÁ¦ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. º´, ±âŸ º´Àû »óÅÂÀÇ Áø´Ü, Ä¡·á, ¿¹¹æÀ̳ª °íÅëÀÇ °æ°¨, ¶Ç´Â »ý¸®Àû, º´¸®Àû »óŸ¦ È£Àü½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¶÷ ¶Ç´Â µ¿¹°¿¡ Åõ¿©µÇ´Â ÈÇÕ¹°. ¾à¸®Çп¡¼´Â Ä¡·á¾à¸¸ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, »ýü¿¡ ÁÖ¾îÁ³À» ¶§ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÈÇй°Áú ¸ðµÎ¸¦ ¾à¹°À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ °ÇÏ°í ¾ÈÀü¼ºÀÌ ³·Àº ¼ø¼·Î µ¶¾à-±Ø¾à-º¸Åë¾àÀ¸·Î ±¸ºÐÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¾à¹°Ä¡·á¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ÀÎÀڷμ, »ýüÂÊ ÀÎÀڷδ °³Ã¼Â÷, ¿¬·É, üÁß µîÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ¾à¹°ÂÊ ÀÎÀڷμ´Â Åõ¿©¹æ¹ý, Åõ¿©·®, º´¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¾à¹° µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. 2. ¾àÀÇ Àç·á°¡ µÇ´Â ¹°Áú. 3. ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ¾àÀ縦 ¼¯¾î Á¶Á¦ÇÑ ¾à. |
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| ¿µ¹® | drug resistance | ÇÑ±Û | ¾à¹°³»¼º |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. ÈÇпä¹ýÁ¦³ª Ç×»ý¹°ÁúÀÇ ¾î¶² ÀÏÁ¤ ³óµµ·Î ¼¼±ÕÀ» Á×À̰ųª Áõ½ÄÀúÇØ¸¦ ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌ ÈÇпä¹ýÁ¦³ª Ç×»ý¹°Áú¿¡ °¨¼ö¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í Çϴµ¥, ÀÌ °¨¼ö¼ºÀÌ ¾ø°Ô µÈ »ýŸ¦ ÀúÇ×¼ºÀ̶óµç°¡ ³»¼ºÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ º¯À̹̻ý¹°ÀÇ ¾àÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚÇ×¼ºÀ̶óµç°¡ ³»¼ºÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. 2. ÀǾàǰÀ» °è¼Ó º¹¿ëÇϸé Á¡Â÷ Áõ·®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é È¿·ÂÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼ºÁú. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¶§¸¦ ¾àÁ¦³»¼ºÀÌ »ý°å´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¹Ì»ý¹°Àº °¨¼ö¼ºÀ» °¡Áö´Â ¾à¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© »ç¸êµÇÁö¸¸, ¼Ò¼öÀÇ °ÍÀº »ì¾Æ³²¾Æ ±×°ÍÀÌ ÁøÈµÊÀ¸·Î½á »ç¸êÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶Ç, ÃÖÃÊ¿¡´Â °¨¼ö¼ºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´ø ±ÕÀÌ Â÷Â÷ ³»¼º±ÕÀ¸·Î µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¹Àº º´¿ø±ÕÀº °¨¼ö¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ÀǾàǰ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³»¼ºÀÌ »ý±ä´Ù. °¡Àå °íµµÀÇ ³»¼º±ÕÀÌ »ý±â±â ½¬¿î °ÍÀº ½ºÆ®·¾Å丶À̽ÅÀε¥ °áÇÙ±Õ°ú ±×¶÷À½¼º±Õ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ½±°Ô ³»¼ºÀÌ »ý±ä´Ù. Æä´Ï½Ç¸°À̳ª Åׯ®¶ó½ÃŬ¸°(¾ÆÅ©·Î¸¶À̽Å) µîÀÇ Ç×»ý¹°Áúµµ ³»¼ºÀÌ »ý±â±â ½¬¿ì¹Ç·Î, »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§´Â ÀûÀÀÀ» Àß È®ÀÎÇÏ¿© Çʿ䷮À» Á¤ÇÏ°í ¿¬¿ëÀ» ÇÇÇÑ´Ù. °°Àº È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ ¾àÁ¦¸¦ ¼Ò·®¾¿ 2, 3Á¾ º´¿ëÇÏ¸é ³»¼ºÀÇ ¹ß»ýÀÌ Å©°Ô ¾ïÁ¦µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. °áÇÙ¾àÀ¸·Î¼ ½ºÆ®·¾Å丶À̽Űú ÆÄ½º, ¶Ç´Â À̼ҴϾÆÁöµå¸¦ º´¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í µîÀÌ ±× ¿¹ÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | drug dependence | ÇÑ±Û | ¾à¹°ÀÇÁ¸(¼º) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ ¾à¹°À» ¹Ýº¹Çؼ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ±× ¾àÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ÁßÁöÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÇ´Â »óÅÂ. ÀÇÁ¸ÀÇ Á¤µµ°¡ ½ÉÇØÁö¸é ¾à ¾øÀÌ´Â »ýȰÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »óÅ¿¡ ºüÁö°í, ±× °á°ú ¹ýÀ» ¾î±â¸é¼±îÁö ¾àÀ» ±¸ÀÔÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌÀü¿¡´Â ¾à¹°¸¸¼ºÁßµ¶, ¾à¹°³²¿ë, ¾à¹°½À°ü¼ºÀ̶ó´Â °³³äÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾îÁ® ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸, WHO¿¡¼´Â À̰͵éÀ» ¸ðµÎ Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ ¾à¹°ÀÇÁ¸À̶ó ÇÏ¿´´Ù. »óÅ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ºÐ·ù¶ó ¾à¹°ÀÛ¿ë¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ºÐ·ù°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. »óÅ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °ÍÀº 1.Á¤½ÅÀû ÀÇÁ¸: ¾à¹°ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ÁßÁöÇÏ¸é ºÒ¾È°¨-¿ì¿ï°¨-ÃÊÁ¶°¨ µîÀÇ ½É¸®ÀûÀÎ Áõ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª ´Ù½Ã ¾à¹°À» ã°Ô µÇ´Â °æ¿ì. ¾àÀ» ²÷¾úÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ½ÅüÁõ»óÀÎ ±Ý´ÜÁõ»óÀº ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¾à¹°ÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀû º¹¿ë¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ Á¡Â÷ ¾à¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÅüÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµå´Â Çö»óÀÎ ¾à¹°ÀÇ ³»¼ºµµ ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. 2.½ÅüÀû ÀÇÁ¸: ¾à¹° »ç¿ëÀ» ÁßÁöÇÏ¸é ½ÅüÀûÀÎ Àå¾Ö, Áï ±Ý´ÜÁõ»óÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°í ±× °íÅëÀ» ´Þ·¡±â À§ÇØ ¾à¹°À» ã°Ô µÇ´Â °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐ ³»¼ºÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Âµ¥ °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÁÖ·Î º´ÇàÇØ¼ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | antianginal drug | ÇÑ±Û | Ç×Çù½ÉÁõÁ¦ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Çù½ÉÁõÀº ½ÉÀ嵿¸ÆÀÇ Ç÷·ù¸¦ ÁÁ°ÔÇϰųª ½ÉÀåÀÌ Ç÷·ù¿¡ ºñÇØ¼ ¸¹Àº ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Ä¡·áµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨ç nitrate°èÅëÀÇ ¾à¹°: Ç÷°üÀ» À̿ϽÃŰ´Â ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ½ÉÀ嵿¸ÆÀÇ Ç÷·ù¸¦ ÁÁ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è Ä®½·Åë·ÎÂ÷´ÜÁ¦(verapamil, nifedipine): ¸ðµç ±ÙÀ°ÀÇ ¼öÃà¿¡´Â CaÀÌ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. Áï CaÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß¸¸ ±ÙÀ°ÀÇ ¼öÃàÀÌ °¡´ÉÇØÁø´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î CaÀÌ ¼¼Æ÷¼ÓÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¡´Â °ÍÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¾àÁ¦´Â ±ÙÀ°ÀÇ ¼öÃàÀ» ¸·´Â´Ù. ÀÌ ¾àÀº ½ÉÀåÀÇ ±ÙÀ°¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ½ÉÀå ±ÙÀ°ÀÇ ¼öÃàÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¸ç ½ÉÀåÀÌ °úµµÇÏ°Ô ÀÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·°í, ¶Ç ½ÉÀ嵿¸ÆÀÇ ¼öÃà¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â ±ÙÀ°¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇÏ¿© ½ÉÀ嵿¸ÆÀ» À̿ϽÃÄѼ Ç÷·ù¸¦ ÁÁ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é º£Å¸Â÷´ÜÁ¦(beta-blocker): ½ÅüÀÇ ¿îµ¿·®À̳ª ±âŸÀÇ ¿ä±¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ½ÉÀåÀ» »¡¸® ¶Ù°ÔÇÏ´Â ½Å°æÀº ¹Ù·Î º£Å¸-±³°¨½Å°æÀÌ´Ù. ±³°¨½Å°æ°è¶õ »ç¶÷ÀÌ À§±ÞÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°èÀÌ´Ù. Áï »ç¶÷ÀÌ ±äÀåÇϰųª ½Î¿ï °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ±³°¨½Å°æ°è°¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Áï ½ÉÀåÀÌ ¶Ù°Å³ª ¼ÒȰ¡ ¾ÊµÇ°Å³ª µ¿°øÀÌ Ä¿Áö´Â °Í µûÀ§°¡ ¹Ù·Î ±³°¨½Å°æ°èÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ±³°¨½Å°æ°è¿¡¼ ¸»ÃÊÀå±â¿¡ º¸³»´Â ½Å°æÀÌ ±³°¨½Å°æÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ½ÉÀå¿¡¼ ½ÉÀåÀ» ½Åü¿¡ Çʿ信 µû¶ó¼ ¸¹Àº ÀÏÀ» ÇϰÔÇÏ´Â ½Å°æÀ» Â÷´ÜÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â Çù½ÉÁõÀ» Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù(½ÉÀåÀÇ »ê¼Ò³ª ±âŸ ¿µ¾çºÐÀÇ ¼ö¿ä¸¦ ÁÙÀδÙ). |
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| res | research; resection; resident; residue; resistance |
|---|---|
| AA/AD | alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence |
| ADAMHA | Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration |
| ADDU | alcohol and drug dependence unit |
| ADM | abductor digiti minimi; administrative medicine; admission; Adriamycin; Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Ment... |
| alcohol - NDMA oxidoreductase | <enzyme> Nicotinoprotein from amycolatopsis methanolica; does not react with exogenous NADP(h) Registry number: EC 1.1.99.- Synonym: 4-nitroso-n,n-dimethylaniline alcohol oxidoreductase, ndma-adh (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| alcohol - N, N'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline oxidoreductase | <enzyme> A group III alcohol oxidoreductase from rhodococcus sp, amycolatopsis methanolica and mycobacterium gastri; genbank u21071 Registry number: EC 1.1.99.- Synonym: thce gene product, thce protein, methanol - ndma oxidoreductase (26 Jun 1999) |
| alcohol oxidoreductases | <enzyme> A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99). Registry number: EC 1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| alcohol, pregnancy | The consumption of alcohol during pregnancy carries the danger of damaging the foetus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| alcohol-related disorders | Mental disorders related or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol. (12 Dec 1998) |
| alcohol-soluble eosin | See: ethyl eosin. Synonym: alcohol-soluble eosin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alcohol sulfotransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the transfer of sulfate from adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate to a wide variety of hydroxysteroids Registry number: EC 2.8.2.2 Synonym: 21-hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase, hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase, 3 beta-hydroxysteroid sulphotransferase, steroid sulfokinase, steroid alcohol sulfotransferase, 3-hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase, st2a1 hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase, st2a2 hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| alcohol withdrawal | <psychiatry> A clinical syndrome that results from the abstinence of alcohol consumption. Seen in those with habitual long-term or heavy alcohol use history. (27 Sep 1997) |
| alcohol withdrawal delirium | An acute organic mental disorder due to recent cessation or reduction in alcohol consumption with the essential characteristic being delirium. Autonomic hyperactivity - that is, tachycardia, sweating, and elevated blood pressure - is also present. It was formerly called delirium tremens. (12 Dec 1998) |
| allyl alcohol | CH2==CHCH2OH; 2-propenol;a colourless liquid of pungent odour used in making resins and plasticisers; highly irritating to mucous membranes and readily absorbed, causing depression and coma. Synonym: vinyl carbinol. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amyl alcohol | 1-pentanol;used as a solvent for varnishes and oils; highly toxic, with irritating vapors. See: fusel oil. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anhydrous alcohol | Water having been removed. Synonym: anhydrous alcohol. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aryl-alcohol oxidase | <enzyme> Flavoprotein acting on a variety of benzyl, cinnamyl, naphthyl and aliphatic unsaturated alcohols Registry number: EC 1.1.3.7 (26 Jun 1999) |
| baby, foetal alcohol syndrome | <syndrome> Alcohol is capable of causing birth defects. FAS (foetal alcohol syndrome) always involves brain damage. And impaired growth. FAS also always involves head and face abnormalities. No amount of alcohol has been proven safe during pregnancy. Women who are or may become pregnant are advised to avoid alcohol. (12 Dec 1998) |
| benzyl alcohol | <chemical> A colourless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odour. It is used as a local anaesthetic and to reduce pain associated with lidocaine injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring. Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, local, pharmaceutic aid. (12 Dec 1998) |
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