| 영문 | fetal alcohol syndrome | 한글 | 태아알코올증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 임신기간 중 만성적으로 알코올을 섭취한 여자에게서 태어난 영아에게 나타나는 형태발생의 이상을 나타내는 증후군으로서 위턱뼈발육부전, 앞머리와 아래턱의 돌출, 짧은검열, 작은안구증, 눈구석주름, 심한 성장지연, 정신지체 등을 나타낸다. |
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| NIOSH | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health |
|---|---|
| NIAID | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease |
| NICHD | National Institute of Child Health and Human Development |
| NINDS | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| NIOSH | National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health |
acute angle
| epsilon alcoholism | Jellinek's term for "spree-drinking," such as might occur during periods away from home. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| abuse | 1. Improper treatment or use; application to a wrong or bad purpose; misuse; as, an abuse of our natural powers; an abuse of civil rights, or of privileges or advantages; an abuse of language. "Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power." (Madison) 2. Physical ill treatment; injury. "Rejoice . . . at the abuse of Falstaff." 3. A corrupt practice or custom; offense; crime; fault; as, the abuses in the civil service. "Abuse after disappeared without a struggle." (Macaulay) 4. Vituperative words; coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; virulent condemnation; reviling. "The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows." (Macaulay) 5. Violation; rape; as, abuse of a female child. "Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?" (Shak) Abuse of distress, a wrongful using of an animal or chattel distrained, by the distrainer. Synonym: Invective, contumely, reproach, scurrility, insult, opprobrium. Abuse, Invective. Abuse is generally prompted by anger, and vented in harsh and unseemly words. It is more personal and coarse than invective. Abuse generally takes place in private quarrels; invective in writing or public discussions. Invective may be conveyed in refined language and dictated by indignation against what is blameworthy. Origin: F. Abus, L. Abusus, fr. Abuti. See Abuse. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| marijuana abuse | The excessive use of marijuana with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning. (12 Dec 1998) |
| child abuse | Abuse of children in a family, institutional, or other setting. (12 Dec 1998) |
| child abuse, sexual | Sexual maltreatment of the child or minor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| phencyclidine abuse | The misuse of phencyclidine with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cocaine abuse | <psychiatry> Cocaine is an alkaloid, derived from the coca plant. It is used medicinally as a topical anaesthetic (commonly in the nose). It may cause agitation, disorientation and convulsions. Cocaine is a commonly abused street drug and can lead to addictive behaviour. (27 Sep 1997) |
| spouse abuse | Deliberate severe and repeated injury to one domestic partner by the other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| substance abuse | Maladaptive pattern of drug or alcohol use that may lead to social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems. (05 Mar 2000) |
| substance abuse detection | Detection of drugs that have been abused, overused, or misused, including legal and illegal drugs. Urine screening is the usual method of detection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| substance abuse disorders | A class of mental disorders in which behavioural and biological changes are associated with regular use of alcohol, drugs, and related substances that affect the central nervous system and personal and social functioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| substance abuse, intravenous | Abuse, overuse, or misuse of a substance by its injection into a vein. (12 Dec 1998) |
| substance abuse treatment centres | Health facilities providing therapy and/or rehabilitation for substance-dependent individuals. Methadone distribution centres are included. (12 Dec 1998) |
| drug abuse | Use of a drug for a reason other than which it was intended or in a manner or in quantities other than directed. Drug dependence is a compulsion to take a drug to produce a desired effect or prevent unpleasant effects when the drug is withheld. Risk factors for drug abuse include: low self esteem, inability to deal with stress and emotional instability. Juveniles use drugs due to peer pressure. Signs of drug use in children include: a change in friends or group, long absences from home, poor performance in school, seclusion, stealing, lying, criminal behaviour, deteriorating family relationships, signs of drug intoxication and changes in behaviour. Commonly abused drugs include narcotic analgesic agents, benzodiazepines, cocaine, amphetamines, barbiturates, marijuana, LSD and phencyclidine. Many labs now offer quick and inexpensive urine drug screening. Psychological counseling and parental support will be necessary in children with this problem. (27 Sep 1997) |
| elder abuse | Emotional, nutritional, or physical maltreatment of the older person generally by family members or by institutional personnel. (12 Dec 1998) |