| A-MAT | amorphous material |
|---|---|
| A-mode | amplitude mode; amplitude modulation |
| A-NPP | absorbed normal pooled plasma |
| A-P | anteroposterior |
| A-P&L | anteroposterior and lateral |
| A-PD | anteroposterior diameter |
| A-T | ataxia telangiectasia |
| A-to-D | analog-to-digital |
| A-TP | adsorbed test plasma |
| A-V | arteriovenous; atrioventricular |
| A-kinase | AMP dependent protein kinase |
|---|---|
| A-Mel-3 | Amelanotic melanoma |
| A-MuL V | Abelson murine leukaemia virus |
| A-PK | AMP dependent protein kinase |
| A-R | anoxia-reoxygenation |
| A-S | activity stress |
| a-Se | Amorphous selenium |
| A-SMase | Acid sphingomyelinase |
| A-T | Atrial tachycardia |
| A-V | Arterio-Venous |
| a-protein | <protein> A protein found in the cell wall of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus which binds to the Fc section of immunoglobulins and is therefore used to collect antigen-antibody complexes. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| A-strabismus | Strabismus in which esotropia is more marked in looking upward than downward, strabismus in which exotropia is more marked on looking downward than upward. Synonym: A-pattern strabismus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V | <abbreviation> Arteriovenous; atrioventricular. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V anastomosis | <anatomy> A vessel that directly interconnects an artery and a vein, and that acts as a shunt to bypass the capillary bed. Not to be confused with surgical anastomosis, nor with arteriovenous fistula. (12 Dec 1998) |
| A-V band | The bundle of modified cardiac muscle fibres that begins at the atrioventricular node as the trunk of the atrioventricular bundle and passes through the right atrioventricular fibrous ring to the membranous part of the interventricular septum where the trunk divides into two branches, the right crus of the atrioventricular bundle and the left crus of the atrioventricular bundle; the two crura ramify in the subendocardium of their respective ventricles. Synonym: fasciculus atrioventricularis, atrioventricular band, Gaskell's bridge, His' band, His' bundle, bundle of His, Keith's bundle, Kent's bundle, Kent-His bundle, ventriculonector. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V block | <cardiology> A conduction disturbance that results in the inappropriate delay (or complete inability) of a electrical impulse, generated in the atria, to reach the ventricles (via the atrioventricular node). Clinical types are divided into first (nonserious), second and third degree (most serious). Some drugs may precipitate atrioventricular block (for example clonidine, methyldopa, verapamil). A permanent pacemaker may be required for a third degree (complete) heart block. (02 Jan 1998) |
| A-V bundle | The bundle of modified cardiac muscle fibres that begins at the atrioventricular node as the trunk of the atrioventricular bundle and passes through the right atrioventricular fibrous ring to the membranous part of the interventricular septum where the trunk divides into two branches, the right crus of the atrioventricular bundle and the left crus of the atrioventricular bundle; the two crura ramify in the subendocardium of their respective ventricles. Synonym: fasciculus atrioventricularis, atrioventricular band, Gaskell's bridge, His' band, His' bundle, bundle of His, Keith's bundle, Kent's bundle, Kent-His bundle, ventriculonector. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V canal | The canal in the embryonic heart leading from the common sinuatrial chamber to the ventricle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V conduction | Forward conduction of the cardiac impulse from atria to ventricles via the A-V node or any bypass tract, represented in the electrocardiogram by the P-R interval. P-H conduction time is from the onset of the P wave to the first high frequency component of the His bundle electrogram (normally 119 ± 38 msec); A-H conduction time is from the onset of the first high frequency component of the atrial electrogram to the first high frequency component of the His bundle electrogram (normally 92 ± 38 msec); P-A conduction time is from the onset of the P wave to the onset of the atrial electrogram (normally 27 ± 18 msec). (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V conduction abnormalities | <cardiology, physiology> Any condition which involves abnormal (blocked, delayed or aberrant) electrical conduction through the atrioventricular node (for example atrioventricular block). Some medications may precipitate atrioventricular conduction abnormalities. (02 Jan 1998) |
| A-V difference | <abbreviation> Arteriovenous difference of concentration of a substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V dissociation | Any situation in which atria and ventricles are activated and contract independently, as in complete A-V block, more specifically, the dissociation between atria and ventricles that results from slowing of the atrial pacemaker or acceleration of the ventricular pacemaker at nearly equal (rarely equal) rates, each depolarising its own chamber, thus interfering with depolarisation by the other (interference-dissociation). (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V extrasystole | An extrasystole arising from the "junctional" tissues, either the A-V node or A-V bundle. Synonym: junctional extrasystole. (05 Mar 2000) |
| A-V fistula | <surgery> The surgical joining of an artery and a vein under the skin for the purpose of haemodialysis. Larger arteriovenous shunts can place strain on the heart since arterial blood is diverted back to the venous circulation before it has a chance to deliver nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues. (27 Sep 1997) |
| A-V interval | The time from the beginning of atrial systole to the beginning of ventricular systole as measured from pressure pulses or cardiac volume curves in animals, or from the electrocardiogram in humans. (05 Mar 2000) |
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a class of exotoxins consisting of an active (A) component that crosses the cell membrane and a binding (B) component that binds to cell surface receptors.
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above-elbow; see under amputation.
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the ratio of albumin to globulin in blood serum, plasma, or urine in various types of renal or liver isease, a formerly widely used assessment of protein composition that is now being replaced by quantitiative measurement of specific serum proteins.
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trademark for a preparation of hydrocortisone sodium succinate.
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above-knee; see transfemoral amputation, under amputation.
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