| 영문 | acetylsalicylic acid | 한글 | 아세틸살리실산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 상품명이 아스피린(asprin)인 약. 대표적인 비스테로이드 항염약이다. 즉 항염증(anti-inflammatory), 진통(analgesis), 해열(anti-pyretic)의 효과가 모두 뛰어나지만 위장장애, 과다호흡, 라이증후군(Reye syndrome) 등의 부작용이 있다. |
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| 영문 | uric acid | 한글 | 요산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 결정성의 산. 2, 6, 8-trioxypurine. 화학식은 C5H4N4O3로 사람과 동물의 오줌에서 얻을 수 있다. 핵의 대사산물의 하나. 물, 알콜, 에테르(ether)에는 거의 녹지 않으나 알칼리염의 용액에는 녹는다. 이것의 나트륨염 형태(sodium urate)가 결석의 대부분을 차지한다. 급성백혈병 치료 초기단계와 통풍(Gout)에서 혈중요산이 급격히 오를 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast bacillus | 한글 | 항산막대균, 항산균 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 아닐린 색소에 염색되기 힘드나 일단 염색되면 강산으로 처리하여도 탈색되지 아니하는 세균을 통틀어 이르는 말. 결해균, 나병균 따위가 있다. |
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| 영문 | acid-fast staining | 한글 | 항산염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 항산성성질(좀처럼 염색이 되지 않으나 한번 염색이 되면 산성용액에 의해서 탈색이 되지 않는 성질)을 가진 균(예를 들면 결핵균 등)의 검출에 이용되는 염색방법. 방법에는 Ziehl-Neelson법과 Kinyoun법 등이 있다. |
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| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
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| OA | obstructive apnea; occipital artery; occipito-anterior; occiput anterior; octanoic acid; ocular albi... |
|---|---|
| PAA | partial agonist activity; phenylacetic acid; phosphonoacetic acid; physical abilities analysis; plas... |
| ASA | acetylsalicylic acid; active systemic anaphylaxis; Adams-Stokes attack; American Society of Anesthes... |
| CA | anterior commissure [Lat. commissura anterior]; calcium antagonist; California [rabbit]; cancer; Can... |
| DHA | dehydroacetic acid; dehydroascorbic acid; dehydroepiandrosterone; dihydroacetic acid; dihydroxyaceto... |
| farnesal hydratase | <enzyme> Converts farnesol to farnesal and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofarnesal Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| kievitone hydratase | <enzyme> Reaction: kievitone hydrate = kievitone + water; a 47-49 kD secreted enzyme that catalyses the detoxification of a bean phytoalexin; from fusarium solani; amino acid sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 4.2.1.95 Synonym: khs gene product, kievitone-hydrate hydro-lyase (26 Jun 1999) |
| urocanate hydratase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of 4,5-dihydro-4-oxo-5-imidazolepropanoate to urocanate and water. Chemical name: 4,5-Dihydro-4-oxo-5-imidazolepropanoate hydro-lyase Registry number: EC 4.2.1.49 (12 Dec 1998) |
| 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate hydratase | <enzyme> Catalyses conversion of 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate to 2-oxo-4-hydroxyvalerate; enzyme f of p-cumate catabolic pathway in pseudomonas putida Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- Synonym: cmtf gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase | <enzyme> In catechol degradation pathway converts 2-hydroxypent-2,4-dienoate to either 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate or 2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- Synonym: 2-hydroxy-pent-2,4-dienoate hydratase, hpd hydratase, todg gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reaction of trans-3-methylglutaconyl-CoA and water to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaconyl-CoA; this enzyme participates in the pathway for l-leucine degradation; a deficiency of this enzyme will result in 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fumarate hydratase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible hydration of fumaric acid to yield l-malic acid. It is one of the citric acid cycle enzymes. Chemical name: (S)-Malate hydro-lyase Registry number: EC 4.2.1.2 (12 Dec 1998) |
| limonene hydratase | <enzyme> Converts limonene to alpha-terpineol; gene from bacillus stearothermophilus has been cloned into e. Coli Registry number: EC 4.2.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| Rambourg's chromic acid-phosphotungstic acid stain | <technique> A stain for glycoproteins, used with an electron microscope, with which ultrathin tissue sections reveal complex carbohydrates in the same locations as shown by Rambourg's periodic acid-chromic methenamine-silver stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| a1-acid glycoprotein | <biology> Plasma protein of mammals and birds, 38% carbohydrate. In humans a single chain glycoprotein of 39 kD. Increased levels are associated with inflammation, pregnancy and various diseases. (18 Nov 1997) |
| abscisic acid | <biochemistry> A lipid hormone that inhibits cell growth in plants, it is associated with fruit drop, leaf death and seed dormancy. It is synthesised in the plastids from carotenoids. This hormone helps plants deal with water loss, and its effects can be reversed with gibberellins. (06 May 1997) |
| abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Catalyses conversion of abscisic acid to 8'-hydroxyabscisic acid, which rearranges to phaseic acid Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- Synonym: aba 8'-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetic acid | <chemical> The acid most commonly associated with vinegar, it is the most commercially important organic acid and is used to manufacture a wide range of chemical products, such as plastics and Acetobacter but, except for making vinegar, is usually made through synthetic processes. Derivatives of acetic acid which may be formed by substitution reactions. Mono- and di-substituted, as well as, halogenated compounds have been synthesised. Experimentally, alpha- and n2- substituted acetic acids have been examined for their anti-inflammatory activity and effect on the central nervous system respectively. Additionally, limited exposure data has been collected on dibromo and dichloroacetic acids to determine whether they pose health effects. Synonym: ethanoic acid. (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetoacetic acid | CH3COCH2COOH;one of the ketone bodies, formed in excess and appearing in the urine in starvation or diabetes. Synonym: diacetic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetohydroxamic acid | C2H5NO2; N-Hydroxyacetamide;an inhibitor of urease, used as adjunctive therapy in chronic urea-splitting urinary infections. (05 Mar 2000) |