| receptors, retinoic acid | Proteins in the nucleus or cytoplasm that specifically bind retinoic acid or retinol and trigger changes in the behaviour of cells. Retinoic acid receptors, like steroid receptors, are ligand-activated transcription regulators. Several types have been recognised. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| Gerhardt's test for acetoacetic acid | In fresh urine a red colour develops upon addition of FeCl3; no colour develops if the urine has first been boiled; this test has low specificity and sensitivity. Synonym: Gerhardt's reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| casamino acid | <biochemistry> The group of amino acids which results when casein, a protein found in milk, is broken down by enzymes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gibberellic acid | <plant biology> Diterpenoid compounds with gibberellin activity in plants. at least 70 related gibberellic acids have been described and designated as a series GA1, GA2 etc. (17 Dec 1997) |
| reductic acid | 2,3-Dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one;a strong reducing product (antioxidant) formed in hot alkaline sugar solutions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| catechinic acid | <chemical> 3,3',4',5,7-flavanpentol. Extracted from uncaria gambier, acacia catechu and other plants; it stabilises collagen and is therefore used in tanning and dyeing; it prevents capillary fragility and abnormal permeability, but was formerly used as an antidiarrhoeal. Synonym: cachou; cashoo; cutch. Chemical name: 2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-trans)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| catechuic acid | <chemical> 3,3',4',5,7-flavanpentol. Extracted from uncaria gambier, acacia catechu and other plants; it stabilises collagen and is therefore used in tanning and dyeing; it prevents capillary fragility and abnormal permeability, but was formerly used as an antidiarrhoeal. Synonym: cachou; cashoo; cutch. Chemical name: 2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-trans)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| glacial phosphoric acid | An anhydride of phosphoric acid used as a reagent, and in the manufacture of zinc oxyphosphate cement for dentistry. Synonym: metaphosphoric acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| meclofenamic acid | <chemical> A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis. Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 2-((2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl)amino)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| meconic acid | 3-Hydroxy-4-oxy-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxylic acid;obtained from opium; it forms soluble salts (meconates) with many of the alkaloids of opium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucaric acid | <chemical> D-glucaric acid. A sugar acid derived from d-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidised to carboxylic acid groups. Chemical name: Glucaric acid (12 Dec 1998) |
| glucoascorbic acid | 3-Keto-d-glucoheptonofuranolactone;a compound resembling ascorbic acid but with an additional -CHOH-between C-5 and C-6 of ascorbic acid; shows toxic effects on addition to diet which apparently are not caused by ascorbic acid antagonism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin A1 acid | <biochemistry> The aldehyde (retinal) has long been known to be involved in photoreception, but retinoic acid has other roles. There are cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding proteins and retinoic acid response elements that regulate gene transcription. Retinoic acid is thought to be a morphogen in chick limb bud development and in early development of the chick that probably accounts for its potent teratogenic action. Synonym: vitamin A. (03 Jul 1999) |
| glucogenic amino acid | <biochemistry> A type of amino acid with carbon chains that can be broken down into an intermediate of the citric acid cycle such as glycogen and then converted into glucose as a means of entering the normal process of carbohydrate metabolism in the body. Examples include: Glycine, alanine, arginine, and ornithine. (14 Oct 1997) |
| gluconic acid | <biochemistry> An acid with the chemical formula C6H12O7. at room temperature, it is a colourless crystal, it melts at 131 degrees Celsius. It can be made by the oxidation of glucose. It will dissolve in water and alcohols. It is used in pharmaceuticals and some food products, as a cleanser, and as a catalyst in textile printing. (09 Oct 1997) |