| pectic acid | The d-isomer is an oxidation product of d-galactose, in which the 6-CH2OH group has become a -COOH group; occurs in many natural products (e.g., pectins). Synonym: pectic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| glucuronic acid | <biochemistry> A glucose molecule which has had its sixth carbon atom (of six total) oxidized. It has the chemical formula C6H10O7. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glutaconic acid | HOOCCH2CH==CHCOOH;dicarboxylic acid that accumulates in individuals with glutaric acidemia type I. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutamic acid | <amino acid> One of the 20 _ amino acids commonly found in proteins. Plays a central role in amino acid metabolism, acting as precursor of glutamine, proline and arginine. Also acts as amino group donor in synthesis by transamination of alanine from pyruvate and aspartic acid from oxaloacetate. Glutamate is also a neurotransmitter, the product of its decarboxylation is the inhibitory neurotransmitter amino butyrate (GABA). (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutamic acid dehydrogenases | Enzymes that catalyze the reaction of l-glutamate, H2O, and NAD+ (or NADP+ in some cases) producing alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate), ammonia, and NADH; in mammals, this is the prime contributor to oxidative deamination. Synonym: glutamic acid dehydrogenases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutamic acid hydrochloride | A gastric acidifier alleged to aid in digestion; also used for gastric HCl replacement therapy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutaric acid | <biochemistry> A chemical intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acids lysine and tryptophan which has the chemical formula C5H8O4. It is found in green sugar beets and in water extracted from wool. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glutarylamidocephalosporanic acid acylase | <enzyme> Pseudomonas enzyme; forms 7-aminocephalosporanic acid Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: gl-7aca acylase, 7 beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid acylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| volatile fatty acid number | An index of the volatile acid content of a fat; the number of milliliters of 0.1 n KOH required to neutralise the soluble volatile fatty acids in 5 g of fat that has been saponified, acidified to liberate the fatty acids, and then steam-distilled. Synonym: volatile fatty acid number. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glyceric acid | HOCH2-CHOH-COOH;the fatty acid analog of glycerol; occurs particularly in the form of phosphorylated derivatives, as an intermediate in glycolysis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mefenamic acid | <chemical> A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent used in painful and inflammatory conditions, and in menstrual disorders. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties; it is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase. Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 2-((2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycerophosphoric acid | A phosphoric ester of glycerol. See: glycerol phosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pelargonic acid | CH3(CH2)7COOH;used in the manufacture of lacquers and plastics; produced in the oxidative cleavage of oleic acid. Synonym: n-nonanoic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycochenodeoxycholic acid | <chemical> N-(3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oyl)glycine. A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilise fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic. Pharmacological action: cholagogues and choleretics. Chemical name: Glycine, N-((3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-3,7-dihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycocholic acid | <chemical> N-cholylglycine. Bile salt, conjugate of cholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilise fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic. Pharmacological action: cholagogues and choleretics. Chemical name: Glycine, N-((3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl)- (12 Dec 1998) |