| ON | occipitonuchal; office nurse; onlay; optic nerve; orthopedic nurse; osteonecrosis; osteonectin; over... |
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| ONG | optic nerve glioma |
| PNB | p-nitrobiphenyl; perineal needle biopsy; peripheral nerve block; premature nodal beat |
| PNI | peripheral nerve injury; postnatal infection; prognostic nutritional index |
| PNL | peripheral nerve lesion; polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte |
| neoplasms, nerve tissue | Neoplasms composed of nerve tissue. This concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the nervous system or its component nerves. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| nerve | 1. <anatomy> One of the whitish and elastic bundles of fibres, with the accompanying tissues, which transmit nervous impulses between nerve centers and various parts of the animal body. An ordinary nerve is made up of several bundles of nerve fibres, each bundle inclosed in a special sheath (the perineurium) and all bound together in a connective tissue sheath and framework (the epineurium) containing blood vessels and lymphatics. 2. A sinew or a tendon. 3. Physical force or steadiness; muscular power and control; constitutional vigor. "he led me on to mightiest deeds, Above the nerve of mortal arm." (Milton) 4. Steadiness and firmness of mind; self-command in personal danger, or under suffering; unshaken courage and endurance; coolness; pluck; resolution. 5. Audacity; assurance. 6. <botany> One of the principal fibrovascular bundles or ribs of a leaf, especially when these extend straight from the base or the midrib of the leaf. 7. <zoology> One of the nervures, or veins, in the wings of insects. <anatomy> Nerve cell, the operation of stretching a nerve in order to remedy diseases such as tetanus, which are supposed to be influenced by the condition of the nerve or its connections. Origin: OE. Nerfe, F. Nerf, L. Nervus, akin to Gr. Sinew, nerve; cf. String, bowstring; perh. Akin to E. Needle. Cf. Neuralgia. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nerve, afferent | A nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system. The word afferent hails from the latin ad , toward + ferre , to bear = to carry toward. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve avulsion | The tearing away of a peripheral nerve at its point of origin from its parent nerve due to traction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve biopsy | <investigation, procedure, surgery> A procedure which involves the removal of a small specimen of nerve tissue for microscopic analysis. The ankle or wrist are the most common sites used for nerve biopsy. Conditions such as amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, metabolic polyneuropathy, leprosy, demyelination, alcoholic neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-tooth disease, peroneal nerve dysfunction, mononeuritis multiplex and other polyneuropathies may be detected using this study. (21 Mar 1998) |
| nerve block | Interruption of the conduction of impulses in peripheral nerves or nerve trunks by the injection of a local anaesthetic solution. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve block anaesthesia | Conduction anaesthesia in which local anaesthetic solution is injected about nerves, nerve trunks, or nerve plexuses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve compression syndromes | Repeated or prolonged pressure on a nerve root or peripheral nerve leading to ischemia, the response to which is oedema above and below the source of pressure. If the pressure is not relieved, fibrosis tends to develop. Types of nerve compression syndromes are the neuropathy caused by intervertebral disk herniation, compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, compression of the ulnar nerve in the elbow, and compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh in meralgia paresthetica. This is also called pressure neuropathy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve conduction | The transmission of an impulse along a nerve fibre. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve conduction velocity | The rate of impulse conduction in a peripheral nerve or its various component fibres, generally expressed in meters per second. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve deafness | Neural deafness, former terms for sensorineural deafness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve decompression | Release of pressure on a nerve trunk by the surgical excision of constricting bands or widening of a bony canal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve degeneration | Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve, efferent | A nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system. The word efferent comes from the latin ex', away or out + ferre , to bear = to bear out or carry away. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve ending | <physiology> A connection between excitable cells, by which an excitation is conveyed from one to the other. 1. Chemical synapse: one in which an action potential causes the exocytosis of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to ligand gated ion channels on the post synaptic cell. These ion channels then affect the resting potential of the post synaptic cell. 2. Electrical synapse: one in which electrical connection is made directly through the cytoplasm, via gap junctions. 3. Rectifying synapse: one in which action potentials can only pass across the synapse in one direction (all chemical and some electrical synapses). 4. Excitatory synapse: one in which the firing of the presynaptic cell increases the probability of firing of the postsynaptic cell. 5. Inhibitory synapse: one in which the firing of the presynaptic cell reduces the probability of firing of the postsynaptic cell. (10 Jan 1998) |