| clinical spectroscopy | Spectroscopic examination of specimens of living tissue, including fluids removed therefrom. Synonym: clinical spectroscopy. Origin: bio-+ L. Spectrum, image, + G. Skopeo, to examine (05 Mar 2000) |
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| clinical studies | <pharmacology> Human studies that are designed to measure the safety, efficacy, and appropriate dosage of a new drug or biological. Clinical studies routinely involve the use of a placebo group that is given an inactive substance that looks like the test product. (14 Nov 1997) |
| clinical syndrome | <syndrome> A clinical syndrome represents a typical constellation of physical (and laboratory) findings that may be seen as part of a primary disease process. A good example is shock, a clinical syndrome seen with many primary disease processes. (13 Nov 1997) |
| clinical thermometer | A small, self-registering thermometer, consisting of a simple scaled glass tube containing mercury, used for taking the temperature of the body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| clinical trial | <pharmacology> Research study conducted with patients, usually to evaluate a new treatment or drug. Each trial is designed to answer scientific questions and to find better ways to treat individuals with a specific disease. (12 May 1997) |
| clinical trial, phase I | A pre-planned, usually controlled, clinical study of the safety and efficacy of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques based on a small number of healthy persons and conducted over the period of about a year in either the united states or a foreign country. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trial, phase II | A pre-planned, usually controlled, clinical study of the safety and efficacy of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques based on several hundred volunteers, including a limited number of patients, and conducted over a period of about two years in either the united states or a foreign country. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trial, phase III | A pre-planned, usually controlled, clinical study of the safety and efficacy of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques after phase II trials. A large enough group of patients is studied and closely monitored by physicians for adverse response to long-term exposure, over a period of about three years in either the united states or a foreign country. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trial, phase IV | Planned post-marketing studies of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques that have been approved for general sale after clinical trials, phases I, II, and III. These studies, conducted in the united states or a foreign country, often garner additional data about the safety and efficacy of a product. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trials | Medical research studies conducted with volunteers. Each study is designed to answer scientific questions and to find better ways to prevent, detect, or treat cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trials, phase I | Studies performed to evaluate the safety of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques in healthy subjects and to determine the safe dosage range (if appropriate). These tests also are used to determine pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties (toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, and preferred route of administration). They involve a small number of persons and usually last about 1 year. This concept includes phase I studies conducted both in the u.s. And in other countries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trials, phase II | Studies that are usually controlled to assess the effectiveness and dosage (if appropriate) of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques. These studies are performed on several hundred volunteers, including a limited number of patients with the target disease or disorder, and last about two years. This concept includes phase II studies conducted in both the u.s. And in other countries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trials, phase III | Comparative studies to verify the effectiveness of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques determined in phase II studies. During these trials, patients are monitored closely by physicians to identify any adverse reactions from long-term use. These studies are performed on groups of patients large enough to identify clinically significant responses and usually last about three years. This concept includes phase III studies conducted in both the u.s. And in other countries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinical trials, phase IV | Planned post-marketing studies of diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques that have been approved for general sale. These studies are often conducted to obtain additional data about the safety and efficacy of a product. This concept includes phase IV studies conducted in both the u.s. And in other countries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| clinician | A health professional engaged in the care of patients, as distinguished from one working in other areas. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms :
Synonyms :
Synonyms : Clostridium botulinum A
Synonyms :
Synonyms : Clostridium botulinum C
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| clozapine |
an antipsychotic drug (trade name Clozaril) used as a sedative and for treatment-resistant schizophrenia; know to have few side effects
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| clubbing |
a condition in which the ends of toes and fingers become wide and thick; a symptom of heart or lung disease
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| clearance |
the distance by which one thing clears another; the space between them headroom: vertical space available to allow easy passage under something permission to proceed; "the plane was given clearance to land"
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| clump |
clop: make or move along with a sound as of a horse's hooves striking the ground cluster: come together as in a cluster or flock; "The poets constellate in this town every summer" bunch: a grouping of a number of similar things; "a bunch of trees"; "a cluster of admirers" ball: a compact mass; "a ball of mud caught him on the shoulder" walk clumsily bunch: gather or cause to gather into a cluster; "She bunched her fingers into a fist" thump: a heavy dull sound (as made by impact of heavy objects)
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| clumping |
clip-clop: the sound of a horse's hoofs hitting on a hard surface
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| CL | no alternation of generations the medusoid phase being entirely suppressed: sea anemones |
|---|---|
| CL | one of two subgroups of Nematoda used in some classification systems |
| CL | a large class of arthropods including spiders and ticks and scorpions and daddy longlegs |
| CL | a class of Annelida |
| CL | sometimes classified as an order: sea squirts |
| CL | large class of higher fungi coextensive with division Ascomycota: sac fungi |
| CL | sea stars |
| CL | birds |
| CL | marine and freshwater eukaryotic algae: diatoms |
| CL | large class of higher fungi coextensive with subdivision Basidiomycota |
| CL | oysters |
| CL | true mosses: bryophytes having leafy rather than thalloid gametophytes: comprises orders Andreaeales |
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