| protein p34cdc2 | Phosphoprotein with protein kinase activity that functions in the g2/m phase transition of the cell cycle. It is the catalytic subunit of the maturation-promoting factor and complexes with both cyclin a and cyclin b in mammalian cells. The maximal activity of p34cdc2 is achieved when it is fully dephosphorylated. Protein p34cdc2, the product of the cdc2 gene in schizosaccharomyces pombe, should not be confused with the unrelated product of the cdc2 gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae that forms the large subunit of DNA polymerase III. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| protein p53 | Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (genes, p53) whose normal function is to control cell proliferation. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in leukaemia, osteosarcoma, lung cancer, and colourectal cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| protein phosphatases | A class of enzymes that catalyze the dephosphorylation of specific phosphorylated proteins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| protein processing, post-translational | Any of various enzymically catalyzed post-translational modifications of peptides or proteins in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation, hydroxylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, glycosylation, oxidation-reduction, degradation and lysis, peptide bond formation, and changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility. (12 Dec 1998) |
| protein-proline kinase | <enzyme> Phosphorylates synapsin i; phosphorylation takes place on serine 20, which is flanked by two proline molecules; heterodimer of p34(cdc2)/p58(cyclin a) Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- Synonym: proline-directed protein kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| protein quotient | The number obtained by dividing the quantity of globulin of the blood plasma by the quantity of albumin. Respiratory quotient (R.Q.), the steady state ratio of carbon dioxide produced by tissue metabolism to oxygen consumed in the same metabolism; for the whole body, normally about 0.82 under basal conditions; in the steady state, the respiratory quotient is equal to the respiratory exchange ratio. Synonym: respiratory coefficient. (05 Mar 2000) |
| protein S | Nitrogenous organic compounds, containing more than about 100 amino acid residues, molecular weight 8,000-200,000, in vegetable and animal matter. Proteins yield amino acids on hydrolysis and are foods assimilated as amino acids and reconstructed in the protoplasm. (12 Dec 1998) Previous: protein processing, post-translational, protein-proline kinase, protein quotientNext: protein S, protein s deficiency, protein sequencingprotein S Vitamin K dependent cofactor. (18 Nov 1997) |
| protein s deficiency | An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased levels of plasma protein s antigen or activity, associated with venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Protein s is a vitamin k-dependent plasma protein that inhibits blood clotting by serving as a cofactor for activated protein c (also a vitamin k-dependent protein), and the clinical manifestations of its deficiency are virtually identical to those of protein c deficiency. Treatment with heparin for acute thrombotic processes is usually followed by maintenance administration of coumarin drugs for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| protein sequencing | Determining the sequence of amino acids in a protein, a process carried out by automated techniques. (14 Nov 1997) |
| protein-serine-threonine kinases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that catalyses the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors. Registry number: EC 2.7.10 (12 Dec 1998) |
| protein-serine-threonine phosphatase | <enzyme> Consider also EC 3.1.3.16 phosphoprotein phosphatases Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: serine phosphatase, threonine phosphatase, protein-serine phosphatase, serine-threonine phosphatase (26 Jun 1999) |
| protein shock | The systemic reaction following the parenteral administration of a protein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| protein shock therapy | The injection of a foreign protein to induce fever as a means of treating certain diseases. Synonym: foreign protein therapy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase | <enzyme> Methylates carboxyl-terminal cysteine of yeast sex factors and ha-ras oncogene protein; c-terminal s-geranylgeranylcysteine and s-geranylcysteine residues are also methylated more slowly Registry number: EC 2.1.1.100 Synonym: pcc methyltransferase, farnesyl cysteine c-terminal methyltransferase, protein-cysteine-carboxyl methyltransferase, 5-prenylcysteine methyltransferase, isoprenylated protein methyltransferase, ste14 gene product, prenylated protein carboxyl methyltransferase, ppmtase, protein c-terminal prenylcysteine methyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| protein splicing | Excision of in-frame internal protein sequences (inteins) of a precursor protein, coupled with ligation of the flanking sequences (exteins). Protein splicing is an autocatalytic reaction and results in the production of two proteins from a single primary translation product: the intein and the mature protein. (12 Dec 1998) |