| HLV | hamster leukemia virus; herpes-like virus; hypoplastic left ventricle |
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| LAV | leafhopper A virus; lymphadenopathy-associated virus |
| LV | laryngeal vestibule; lateral ventricle; lecithovitellin; left ventricle, left ventricular; leucovori... |
| MDV | Marek disease virus; mean dye [bolus] velocity; mucosal disease virus |
| MLV | Moloney leukemia virus; multilaminar vesicle; murine leukemia virus |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 | A rare syndrome characterised by hyperplasia and/or neoplasms of the pituitary, parathyroid glands, and pancreatic islets. Hyperparathyroidism occurs in 90% of the cases and is usually the first manifestation of the syndrome. The most frequent pancreatic manifestation is gastrinoma typically leading to zollinger-ellison syndrome. The appearance of this condition has been limited to the loss of allelic heterozygosity at the 11q13 locus on the long arm of chromosome 11. Patients overall exhibit long survival times. Chemotherapy is rare and surgical management is generally dependent on the genetic expression in individual patients. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 | <syndrome> This is a hereditary disorder in which two or more of the following glands: thyroid, adrenal or parathyroid, develop overgrowth (hyperplasia) or malignant cells (cancer). The underlying cause is genetic and a positive family history for this illness is a risk factor. Incidence: approximately 3 in 100,000 people in the general population. (27 Sep 1997) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a | A type of multiple endocrine neoplasia characterised by a virtually 100% incidence of medullary thyroid carcinoma, a 50% incidence of pheochromocytoma, and a lesser incidence of parathyroid adenomas associated with hyperparathyroidism. The condition is always transmitted through autosomal dominant inheritance. Genetic testing can identify individuals with the trait in early infancy. Treatment is usually excision of the enlarged parathyroid glands. (12 Dec 1998) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b | A type of multiple endocrine neoplasia occurring as an isolated congenital presentation or as a distinct autosomal dominant disease. It is characterised by the 100% incidence of medullary thyroid carcinoma and frequent pheochromocytomas; patients seldom exhibit hyperparathyroidism. It is distinguished from men 2a by its characteristic physical appearance resulting from numerous neural defects including mucosal neuromas of the eyelids, lips, and tongue. The neural abnormalities also include widespread neurogangliomatosis of the gastrointestinal tract leading to abnormal gut motility. Treatment usually requires total thyroidectomy following evaluation for the presence of pheochromocytomas. (12 Dec 1998) |
| multiple lipoprotein-type hyperlipidaemia | <biochemistry> Inherited as a defective gene, this disorder is characterised by elevations in serum cholesterol and/or triglycerides. There are often multiple types of lipoproteins (LDL) elevated in one family. This condition is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| contact-type dermatitis | Dermatitis resembling contact dermatitis or eczema, but caused by an ingested or injected allergen, usually a drug, and with a widespread or generalised distribution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cowdry's type A inclusion bodies | Droplet-like masses of acidophilic material surrounded by clear halos within nuclei, with margination of chromatin on the nuclear membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cowdry's type B inclusion bodies | Droplet-like masses of acidophilic material surrounded by clear halos within nuclei, without other nuclear changes during early stages of development of the inclusion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| habitat type | <ecology> A land or aquatic unit, consisting of an aggregation of habitats having equivalent structure, function, and responses to disturbance. (09 Oct 1997) |
| C type lectin | <cell biology> One of two classes of lectin produced by animal cells, the other being the S type. The C type lectins require disulphide linked cysteines and Ca ions in order to bind to a specific carbohydrate (c.f. S type lectins). The carbohydrate recognition domain of C type lectins consists of about 130 amino acids which contains 18 invariant residues in a highly conserved pattern. These invariant residues include cysteines which probably form disulphide bonds. So far, all identified C type lectins are extracellular proteins and include both Integral membrane proteins, such as the asialoglycoprotein receptor and soluble proteins. (06 Aug 1998) |
| haemophilus influenzae type b | The majority of type b isolates are from biotype I. The organism can cause life-threatening meningitis, primarily in children 6-12 months of age. Children with underlying disease or immunodeficiency are also at high risk for infection. A vaccine is available and recommended for children under 5 years of age. (12 Dec 1998) |
| haemophilus influenzae type b immunization | See HIB immunization, (12 Dec 1998) |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine | A conjugate of oligosaccharides of the capsular antigen of H. Influenzae type B and diphtheria CRM protein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pre-excitation, mahaim-type | A form of pre-excitation characterised by a normal pr interval and a long qrs interval with a delta wave. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type VI | An autosomal recessive deficiency of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes; in the tyrosinase negative type, there is an absence of tyrosinase; in the tyrosinase positive type, there is normal tyrosinase which cannot enter pigment cells; it is transmitted by an autosomal recessive inheritance. The compound heterozygote is normal so the two forms are not allelic. There are several types: type IA is characterised by absence of tyrosinase with life-long complete absence of melanin, marked photophobia, and nystagmus. Type IB, yellow albinism with low or absent tyrosinase; improves with age. Type II, with normal tyrosinase activity is the most common; hair darkens and nevi and freckles develop. Type III is characterised by absent tyrosinase but pigmentation of the iris in the first decade. Type IV in Africans with normal tyrosinase. Type V with red hair. Type VI, Hermansky-Padlak syndrome, with haemorrhage due to platelet deficiency and low to absent tyrosinase. Synonym: Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type VI. (05 Mar 2000) |