| antigenaemia | Persistence of antigen in circulating blood; e.g., HBs-antigenaemia (presence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen in blood serum). Origin: antigen + G. Haima, blood (05 Mar 2000) |
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| antigenic | Having the properties of an antigen (allergen). Synonym: allergenic, immunogenic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigenic competition | Competition that occurs when two different antigens, each of which can evoke an immunological response when inoculated alone, are mixed in equal quantities and inoculated together; the response may be to only one, that to the other being largely or entirely suppressed. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigenic complex | A composite of different antigenic structures, such as a cell or a bacterium, or, by extension, a molecule containing two or more determinant groups of different antigenic specificities. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigenic determinant | That part of an antigenic molecule against which a particular immune response is directed. For instance a tetra to penta peptide sequence in a protein, a tri to penta glycoside sequence in a polysaccharide. In the animal most antigens will present several or even many antigenic determinants simultaneously. See: hapten. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antigenic drift | <immunology> A change that occurs on the molecular level to effect a change in the antigenicity of a bacteria or virus. Antigenic drift occurs naturally and more rapidly in certain viruses (for example HIV). It is antigenic drift which complicates the development of an effective HIV (AIDS) vaccine. (27 Sep 1997) |
| antigenic modulation | Loss of detectable antigen from the surface of a cell after incubation with antibodies. This is one method in which some tumours escape detection by the immune system. Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigenic shift | Mutation, i.e., sudden change in molecular structure of RNA/DNA in microorganisms, especially viruses, which produces new strains of the microorganism; hosts previously exposed to other strains have little or no acquired immunity to the new strain; antigenic shift is believed to be the explanation for the occurrence of strains of microorganisms, such as the influenza virus, associated with large scale epidemics. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antigenic switching | <immunology> The process by which a pathogenic microbe's genetic structure is altered tochange its surface antigens inorder to avoid being detected by the host's immune system. (09 Oct 1997) |
| antigenic variation | The phenomenon of changes in surface antigens in parasitic populations of Trypanosoma and Plasmodium (and some other parasitic protozoa) in order to escape immunological defense mechanisms. at least 100 different surface proteins have been found to appear and disappear during antigenic variation in a clone of trypanosomes. Each antigen is encoded in a separate gene. Antigenic variation is also known to occur in free living Protozoa and certain bacteria. (18 Nov 1997) |
| antigenicity | <immunology> The ability of a substance to trigger an immune response in a particularorganism. (09 Oct 1997) |
| antigens | Substances which are capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, that is, with specific antibodies or specifically sensitised T-lymphocytes, or both. Antigens may be soluble substances, such as toxins and foreign proteins, or particulates, such as bacteria and tissue cells; however, only the portion of the protein or polysaccharide molecule known as the antigenic determinant (epitopes) combines with antibody or a specific receptor on a lymphocyte. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, archaeal | Substances of archaeal origin that have antigenic activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, bacterial | Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD | <immunology> Differentiation antigens residing on human leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similiar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : CD11c Antigen, Antigen, CD11c, Antigens, Leu-M5, Leu M5 Antigens, alphaX, Integrin
Synonyms : Alanine Aminopeptidase, Alanyl Aminopeptidase, Amino-oligopeptidase, Aminooligopeptidase, CD13 Antigen, Antigen, CD13, M, Aminopeptidase
Synonyms : 4-1BB Receptor, CD137 Antigen, TNFRSF9 Receptor, 4 1BB Receptor, 4 1BB Receptors, Antigen, CD137, Receptor, 4-1BB, Receptor, TNFRSF9, Receptors, 4-1BB
Synonyms : CD14 Antigen, CD14 Monocyte Differentiation Antigen, LPS Receptor, Lipoglycan Receptor, Receptor, LPS, Receptor, Lipoglycan
Synonyms : CD146 Antigen, Gicerin, Glycoprotein MUC18, Melanoma Cell Adhesion Molecule, S-Endo 1 Endothelial-Associated Antigen, Antigen, CD146, MUC18, Glycoprotein
| antivenin |
An antitoxin to a venom.
출처: www.geocities.com/Heartland/Bluffs/8071/reptile/te...
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| antivenom |
An antitoxin to a venom.
출처: www.geocities.com/Heartland/Bluffs/8071/reptile/te...
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| antiangiogenic |
Having to do with reducing the growth of new blood vessels.
출처: www.stjude.org/glossary
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| antidepressant |
A drug used to treat depression.
출처: www.stjude.org/glossary
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| antiviral |
A drug used to treat infections caused by viruses.
출처: www.stjude.org/glossary
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| anti | bound collection of antiphons |
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| anti | relating to or resembling an antiphon |
| anti | (religion) containing or using responses or antiphons recited or sung in alternation |
| anti | bound collection of antiphons |
| anti | relating to or resembling an antiphon |
| anti | a verse or song to be chanted or sung in response |
| anti | alternate (responsive) singing by a choir in two parts |
| anti | the use of a word in a sense opposite to its normal sense (especially in irony) |
| anti | the relation of opposition along a diameter |
| anti | relating to the antipodes or situated at opposite sides of the earth |
| anti | the relation of opposition along a diameter |
| anti | direct opposite |