| myotome | <anatomy> A muscular segment; one of the zones into which the muscles of the trunk, especially in fishes, are divided; a myocomma. One of the embryonic muscular segments arising from the protovertebrae; also, one of the protovertebrae themselves. The muscular system of one metamere of an articulate. See: Myotomy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| myotomic | <anatomy> Of or pertaining to a myotome or myotomes. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| myotomy | The dissection, or that part of anatomy which treats of the dissection, of muscles. Origin: Myo- + Gr. To cut: cf. F. Myotomie. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| myotone | Muscular tonus or tension. Synonym: myotone. Origin: myo-+ G. Tonos, tension (05 Mar 2000) |
| myotonia | Increased muscular irritability and contractility with decreased power of relaxation; toxic spasm of muscle. (12 Dec 1998) |
| myotonia acquisita | Acquired myotonia following exposure to certain toxins. (05 Mar 2000) |
| myotonia atrophica | A rare, slowly progressive, hereditary disease transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and characterised by myotonia followed by atrophy of the muscles, cataracts, hypogonadism, balding, and cardiac abnormalities. (12 Dec 1998) |
| myotonia congenita | A congenital genetic disease characterised by tonic spasm and rigidity of certain muscles when an attempt is made to move them after a period of rest or when mechanically stimulated. The stiffness disappears as the muscles are moved. (12 Dec 1998) |
| myotonia dystrophica | <neurology> An inherited human neuromuscular disease classed as an autosomal dominant disease in which there is progressive muscle weakening and wasting. A triplet repeat syndromes (like fragile X syndrome), this most common adult form of muscular dystrophy is caused by expansion of the unstable trinucleotide repeat CTG in the 3' untranslated region on chromosome 19q13 (cAMP-dependent muscle protein kinase gene). Anticipation has been associated with further expansion of the repeat upon transmission to subsequent generations (the inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant), although contraction has been noted to occur as well. Especially severe neonatal cases have been born to affected mothers preferentially, suggesting a role for genomic imprinting as well. The classic physical signs include atrophy of facial muscles, cataracts, and delayed muscle relaxation. Detection of the expanded trinucleotide repeat is accomplished by PCR or Southern blot and expansion appears to correlate with decreased transcription of the protein kinase gene. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (29 Dec 1997) |
| myotonia neonatorum | Hypocalcaemic tetany occurring in neonates or young infants, due to transient functional hypoparathyroidism in consumption of cow's milk (high phosphorus content). Synonym: myotonia neonatorum, tetania neonatorum, tetanism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| myotonic | Pertaining to or exhibiting myotonia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| myotonic cataract | Cataract occurring in myotonic dystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| myotonic dystrophy | <neurology> An inherited human neuromuscular disease classed as an autosomal dominant disease in which there is progressive muscle weakening and wasting. A triplet repeat syndromes (like fragile X syndrome), this most common adult form of muscular dystrophy is caused by expansion of the unstable trinucleotide repeat CTG in the 3' untranslated region on chromosome 19q13 (cAMP-dependent muscle protein kinase gene). Anticipation has been associated with further expansion of the repeat upon transmission to subsequent generations (the inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant), although contraction has been noted to occur as well. Especially severe neonatal cases have been born to affected mothers preferentially, suggesting a role for genomic imprinting as well. The classic physical signs include atrophy of facial muscles, cataracts, and delayed muscle relaxation. Detection of the expanded trinucleotide repeat is accomplished by PCR or Southern blot and expansion appears to correlate with decreased transcription of the protein kinase gene. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (29 Dec 1997) |
| myotonin-protein kinase | <enzyme> Has been sequenced Registry number: EC 2.7.- Synonym: mtpk, myotonin protein kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| myotonoid | Denoting a muscular reaction, naturally or electrically excited, characterised by slow contraction and, especially, slow relaxation. Origin: myo-+ G. Tonos, tone, tension, + eidos, resemblance (05 Mar 2000) |