| receptors, amino acid | Cell surface proteins that bind amino acids and trigger changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Glutamate receptors are the most common receptors for fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the vertebrate central nervous system, and gaba and glycine receptors are the most common receptors for fast inhibition. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| receptors, kainic acid | Cell surface proteins that bind glutamate and directly gate ion channels. Kainic acid receptors were originally discriminated from other glutamate receptors by their affinity for the agonist kainic acid. Activation of kainic acid receptors is generally excitatory to cells. Subtypes have been cloned, and for some the traditional distinction from ampa receptors may not apply. (12 Dec 1998) |
| veratric acid | C9H10O4; 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid;obtained by methylation and subsequent oxidation of protocatechuic acid; present in the seeds of Schoenocaulon officinale (Sabadilla officinarum). (05 Mar 2000) |
| gentisic acid | 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid; 5-hydroxysalicylic acid;this compound is chemically related to salicylate and aspirin (acetylsalicylate) and shares with the latter agent analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. (05 Mar 2000) |
| receptors, retinoic acid | Proteins in the nucleus or cytoplasm that specifically bind retinoic acid or retinol and trigger changes in the behaviour of cells. Retinoic acid receptors, like steroid receptors, are ligand-activated transcription regulators. Several types have been recognised. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Gerhardt's test for acetoacetic acid | In fresh urine a red colour develops upon addition of FeCl3; no colour develops if the urine has first been boiled; this test has low specificity and sensitivity. Synonym: Gerhardt's reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| casamino acid | <biochemistry> The group of amino acids which results when casein, a protein found in milk, is broken down by enzymes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gibberellic acid | <plant biology> Diterpenoid compounds with gibberellin activity in plants. at least 70 related gibberellic acids have been described and designated as a series GA1, GA2 etc. (17 Dec 1997) |
| reductic acid | 2,3-Dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one;a strong reducing product (antioxidant) formed in hot alkaline sugar solutions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| catechinic acid | <chemical> 3,3',4',5,7-flavanpentol. Extracted from uncaria gambier, acacia catechu and other plants; it stabilises collagen and is therefore used in tanning and dyeing; it prevents capillary fragility and abnormal permeability, but was formerly used as an antidiarrhoeal. Synonym: cachou; cashoo; cutch. Chemical name: 2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-trans)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| catechuic acid | <chemical> 3,3',4',5,7-flavanpentol. Extracted from uncaria gambier, acacia catechu and other plants; it stabilises collagen and is therefore used in tanning and dyeing; it prevents capillary fragility and abnormal permeability, but was formerly used as an antidiarrhoeal. Synonym: cachou; cashoo; cutch. Chemical name: 2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-trans)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| glacial phosphoric acid | An anhydride of phosphoric acid used as a reagent, and in the manufacture of zinc oxyphosphate cement for dentistry. Synonym: metaphosphoric acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| regulatory sequences, nucleic acid | DNA sequences involved in regulating the expression of other genes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| meclofenamic acid | <chemical> A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis. Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 2-((2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl)amino)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| meconic acid | 3-Hydroxy-4-oxy-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxylic acid;obtained from opium; it forms soluble salts (meconates) with many of the alkaloids of opium. (05 Mar 2000) |