| electron t. |
all bodies are complex structures composed of small particles called atoms together with still smaller particles called electrons.
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| electron transfer f. |
a component of a side chain of redox reactions by which electrons are funneled to ubiquinone and thus the electron transport chain; electrons from acyl CoA thioesters and choline are transferred via the flavin of acyl CoA dehydrogenases, dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, and sarcosine dehydrogenase to the FAD prosthetic group of ETF, which is then oxidized via reduction of electron transfer flavoprotein: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (q.v.). Deficiency of ETF results in glutaricaciduria, type II.
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| electron transfer flavoprotein:ubiquinone oxidoreductase |
a component of a side chain of redox reactions by which certain electrons are funneled to ubiquinone and hence to the electron transport chain; the oxidoreductase catalyzes the transfer of electrons from electron transfer flavoprotein (q.v.) to ubiquinone via its FAD prosthetic group and iron-sulfur center. Deficiency of the oxidoreductase, an autosomal recessive trait, causes glutaricaciduria, type II.
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| electron transport c. |
the series of electron carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane that pass electrons from reduced coenzymes (NADH, FADH2) to molecular oxygen via sequential redox reactions coupled to vectorial transduction of protons across the membrane. The chain is the final common pathway of biological oxidation, using O2 for fuel combustion; the energy produced is utilized for ATP synthesis, ion translocation, and protein synthesis. See illustration. Called also respiratory c. See also oxidative phosphorylation. Click here to view image■Electron transport chain showing the three sites of coupling with oxidative phosphorylation, generating adenosine triphosphate.
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| electron v. |
the energy acquired by an electron accelerated through a potential difference of one volt, equal to 1.6022 × 10-19 joule. Larger units, used for specifying rest masses and kinetic energies of particles, are obtained by attaching SI prefixes, giving kiloelectron volt (keV = 103 eV), megaelectron volt (MeV = 106 eV), and gigaelectron volt (GeV = 109 eV).
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