| DNA ligase (ATP) |
[EC 6.5.1.1] an enzyme of the ligase class that catalyzes the ATP-driven linkage of a double-stranded DNA chain with a free 3′ hydroxyl group to one with a 5′ phosphate group, forming a phosphodiester bond between them. The reaction is important in the repair of damaged DNA and in the joining of Okazaki fragments during DNA replication. The enzyme is used extensively in vitro in the formation of recombinant molecules. Called also polydeoxyribonucleotide synthase (ATP).
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| DNA nucleotidylexotransferase |
[EC 2.7.7.31] an enzyme of the transferase class that acts as a DNA polymerase, specifically catalyzing the sequential addition of single deoxynucleotide residues, as nucleoside triphosphates, to the ends of nucleotide chains. The enzyme is often found in the blast cells of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia; its presence is used in the differential diagnosis of this disease as well as to monitor response to treatment. Called also terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.
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| DNA nucleotidyltransferase |
older name for DNA polymerase.
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| DNA r. |
the production of multiple identical copies of a DNA molecule by unwinding the two strands of the double helix and forming new complementary strands thereto.
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| DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) |
[EC 5.99.1.3] an enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyzes the ATP-dependent breakage, passage, and rejoining of both strands of a DNA helix simultaneously, altering the topology of the molecule by changing the linking number in steps of two. The enzyme removes and introduces superhelical turns and in prokaryotes is believed to be important in replication, transcription, recombination, and other processes. Called also type II topoisomerase and DNA gyrase.
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