| type II diabetes | <disease> An often mild form of diabetes mellitus of gradual onset, usually in obese individuals over age 35; absolute plasma insulin levels are normal to high, but relatively low in relation to plasma glucose levels; ketoacidosis is rare, but hyperosmolar coma can occur; responds well to dietary regulation and/or oral hypoglycaemic agents, but diabetic complications and degenerative changes can develop. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| type II dip | Late deceleration of the foetal heart rate, 30 seconds or more after the height of uterine contraction, as displayed on a foetal monitor graph. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type II error | The statistical error (said to be of the second kind or beta error) made in testing an hypothesis when it is concluded that a treatment or intervention is not effective when it really is. Sometimes referred to as a false negative. (12 Dec 1998) |
| type II familial hyperlipoproteinaemia | Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by increased plasma levels of beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, and phospholipids, but normal triglycerides; heterozygotes have mild lipid changes and are susceptible to atherosclerosis in middle age, but homozygotes have severe changes often with generalised xanthomatosis and xanthelasma, and frank clinical atherosclerosis as young adults. The primary defect is a deficiency of apoprotein of VLDL, and the disorder is divided into two classes: 1) type IIA, which has elevated LDL due to a deficiency of the receptor or a modified apolipoprotein B-100; 2) type IIB, which has elevated LDL and triglycerides; autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia, familial hypercholesteraemic xanthomatosis, familial hypercholesterolaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type II hyperlipoproteinaemia | <biochemistry> A relatively rare (7 out of 1,000) genetic disease in which there is elevation in the blood triglycerides, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Also called type II hyperlipoproteinaemia, familial hyperlipoproteinaemia or familial hypercholesterolaemia. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| type III acrocephalosyndactyly | An autosomal dominant syndrome with variable expression of brachycephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, prominent ear crus, syndactyly, facial asymmetry, shallow orbits, telecanthus, and nasal septal deviation; may show mental retardation. Synonym: Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III collagen | Collagen characteristic of reticular fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III familial hyperlipoproteinaemia | Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by increased plasma levels of LDL, beta-lipoproteins, pre-beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides; hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high carbohydrate diet, and glucose tolerance is abnormal; frequent eruptive xanthomas and atheromatosis, particularly coronary artery disease; biochemical defect lies in apolipoproteins; there are many varieties. Synonym: carbohydrate-induced hyperlipaemia, dysbetalipoproteinaemia, familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia and hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia, familial hypercholesterolaemia with hyperlipaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III hyperlipoproteinaemia | <biochemistry> An inherited disorder (gene defect) where both cholesterol and triglycerides are elevated in the same patient. This condition accelerates the effects of atherosclerosis and thus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Conditions such as hypothyroidism, obesity and diabetes enhances this risk. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| type III hypersensitivity reaction | An immunologic category of diseases evoked by the deposition of antigen-antibody or antigen-antibody-complement complexes on cell surfaces, with subsequent involvement of breakdown products of complement, platelets, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and development of vasculitis; nephritis is common. Arthus phenomenon and serum sickness are classic examples, but many other disorders, including most of the connective tissue disease's, may belong in this immunologic category; immune complex disease's can also occur during a variety of disease's of known aetiology, such as subacute bacterial endocarditis. See: autoimmune disease. Synonym: immune complex disorder, type III hypersensitivity reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III mucopolysaccharidosis | <syndrome> An error of the mucopolysaccharide metabolism, with excretion of large amounts of heparan sulfate in the urine and severe mental retardation with hepatomegaly; skeleton may be normal or may present mild changes similar to those in Hurler's syndrome; several different types (A, B, C, and D) have been identified according to the enzyme deficiency; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: type III mucopolysaccharidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type II interferon | <chemical> The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes. It is structurally different from type I interferon (interferon type I) and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to autoimmune disease. Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. Chemical name: Interferon-gamma (human lymphocyte protein moiety reduced) (12 Dec 1998) |
| type II mortality | <epidemiology> A mortality schedule in which all hosts are assumed to die at a constant rate. This constant rate is equal to the inverse of the life expectancy. (05 Dec 1998) |
| type II mucopolysaccharidosis | <syndrome> An error of mucopolysaccharide metabolism characterised by deficiency of iduronate sulfatase, with excretion of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in the urine; clinically similar to Hurler's syndrome but distinguished by less severe skeletal changes, no corneal clouding, and X-linked recessive inheritance. Synonym: type II mucopolysaccharidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type I interferon | <chemical> Interferon secreted by leukocytes, fibroblasts, or lymphoblasts in response to viruses or interferon inducers other than mitogens, antigens, or allo-antigens. They include alpha- and beta-interferons (interferon-alpha and interferon-beta). Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. (12 Dec 1998) |