| epithelial body | <anatomy, endocrinology> Four small endocrine glands lying close or embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. They secrete the hormone parathormone. (27 Sep 1997) |
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| tuffstone body | Membrane-bound electron-dense granules, measuring about 0.5 um in diameter, found primarily in Schwann cells of patients suffering from metachromatic leukodystrophy; the name alludes to their resemblance to volcanic limestone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| turbinated body | A concha with its covering of mucous membrane and other soft parts. Synonym: turbinal. Synonym: inferior nasal concha, middle nasal concha, superior nasal concha, supreme nasal concha. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tympanic body | One of the mucous gland's in the mucosa of the tympanic cavity. Synonym: tympanic body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juxtaglomerular body | A collection of cells around the renal glomerular arterioles that contain cytoplasmic granules, probably composed of renin. Synonym: periarterial pad. (05 Mar 2000) |
| juxtarestiform body | A medial (smaller) subdivision of the inferior cerebellar peduncle (corpus restiforme) composed of fibres reciprocally connecting the vestibular nuclei with the cerebellum, in particular the latter's nodulus, flocculus, and uvula vermis. It also carries primary sensory fibres from the vestibular ganglia to the cerebellum, as well as cerebellar projections to the rhombencephalic reticular formation and vestibular nuclei. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Y body | A single fluorescent spot originating in the long arm of the Y chromosome and visible in somatic nuclei of buccal smears. (05 Mar 2000) |
| yellow body | <gynaecology> A yellow glandular mass in the ovary formed by an ovarian follicle that has matured and discharged its ovum. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone. If the ovum has been impregnated, the corpus luteum increases in size and persists for several months (corpus luteum graviditatis). If impregnation has not taken place, the corpus luteum degenerates and shrinks (corpus luteum menstruationis). Synonym: yellow body of ovary. (13 Nov 1997) |
| ultimobranchial body | A diverticulum from the fourth pharyngeal pouch of an embryo, regarded by some as a rudimentary fifth pharyngeal pouch and by others as a lateral thyroid primordium. The ultimobranchial bodies of lower vertebrates contain large amounts of calcitonin. In mammals the bodies fuse with the thyroid gland and are thought to develop into the parafollicular cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ketone body | <biochemistry> Any of the three compounds created by acetyl coenzyme A (acetoacetate, hydroxybutyrate, and acetone) which are water-soluble cellular fuels normally exported by the liver. They can build up in the blood and body tissues because of starvation, untreated diabetes mellitus, or other disorders that interfere with carbohydrate metabolism. The body rids itself of ketones mainly through urine, but it rids itself of acetone through the lungs, which gives the breath a characteristic fruity odour. If ketones build up in the body long enough, they cause serious illness and coma (see ketoacidosis.) (09 Oct 1997) |
| fat body | A nutritional reservoir of fatty tissue found mainly in insects and amphibians. (12 Dec 1998) |
| fat body of cheek | An encapsuled mass of fat in the cheek on the outer side of the buccinator muscle, especially marked in the infant; supposed to strengthen and support the cheek during the act of sucking. Synonym: corpus adiposum buccae, Bichat's fat-pad, Bichat's protuberance, fat body of cheek, sucking cushion, sucking pad, suctorial pad. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fat body of ischiorectal fossa | The fat within the ischiorectal fossa. Synonym: corpus adiposum fossae ischiorectalis, fat body of ischiorectal fossa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fat body of orbit | The mass of fat contained in the orbit that contributes to the support of the eyeball. Synonym: corpus adiposum orbitae, fat body of orbit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| zebra body | Metachromatically staining membrane-bound granules, measuring 0.5-1 um in diameter and containing lamellae with a 5.8 nm spacing, reported in Schwann cells and macrophages of patients suffering from metachromatic leukodystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |