| cytotoxic t-lymphocyte | A type of CD8 or, less often, CD4 lymphocyte that kills diseased cells infected by a specific virus or other intracellular microbe. CTLs interact with MHC class I receptors (see Major Histocompatibility Complex). On infected cells and have the prime role in cellmediated immunity (see). Cytovene: See: Ganciclovir. (09 Oct 1997) |
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| cytotoxicity | The quality or state of being cytotoxic. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), a form of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity that functions only if antibodies are bound to the target cell. Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, the toxic or lytic activity of T-lymphocytes, which may or may not be mediated by antibodies. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes may cause lysis of cells by production of cytolytic proteins such as perforin. B-cells may cause lysis of cells by antibody-complement binding to a target cell. Natural killer cells are cytotoxic without prior sensitization. Toxicity by lymphocytes may also be mediated by antibodies; there are three kinds of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes: those that are antigen-specific as a result of previous allergization (immunization), killer cells, and natural killer cells. See: antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotoxicity tests, immunologic | The demonstration of the cytotoxic effect on a target cell of a lymphocyte, a mediator released by a sensitised lymphocyte, an antibody, or complement. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cytotoxicity, immunologic | The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitised T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cytotoxin | <pharmacology> Any substance that poisons living cells. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cytotoxins | Substances elaborated by microorganisms, plants or animals that are specifically toxic to individual cells; they may be involved in immunity or may be contained in venoms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cytotrophoblast | The inner layer of the trophoblast. Synonym: Langhans' layer. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotrophoblastic cells | Stem cell's that fuse to form the overlying syncytiotrophoblast of placental villi. Synonym: Langhans' cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotrophoblastic shell | The external layer of foetally derived trophoblastic cells on the maternal surface of the placenta. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotropic | Having an affinity for cells. Synonym: cytophilic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotropic antibody | Antibody that has an affinity for certain kinds of cells, in addition to and unrelated to its specific affinity for the antigen that induced it, because of the properties of the Fc portion of the heavy chain. See: heterocytotropic antibody, homocytotropic antibody, cytotropic antibody test. Synonym: anaphylactic antibody, cytophilic antibody. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotropic antibody test | A rosette test for macrophage cytotropic antibody: monolayers of macrophages are exposed first to antibody cytotropic for macrophages, then to the antigen (for which the antibody is specific), and indicator sheep erythrocytes; if the antibody is specific for sheep erythrocytes, the latter will form a rosette around the macrophages directly, but if not, and the antigen is soluble, the antigen must be coupled to the sheep erythrocytes by an agent such as bis-diazotised benzidine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytotropism | <cell biology> The movement of cells or groups of cells toward or away from each other. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cytozoic | Living in a cell; denoting certain parasitic protozoa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytozoon | A protozoan cell or organism. Origin: cyto-+ G. Zoon, animal (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms :
| cytochrome |
A class of protein, found in mitochondrial membranes, whose main function is oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP.
출처: helios.bto.ed.ac.uk/bto/glossary/c2.htm
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| cytogenetic map |
Visual appearance of a chromosome when stained and examined under a microscope. Particularly important are visually distinct regions, called light and dark bands, that give each of the chromosomes a unique appearance. This feature allows a person
출처: science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/genetic...
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| cytomegalovirus |
infection of early embryos is fatal, infection of later fetuses can lead to blindness, deafness, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation. (More? Abnormal Development- Virus)
출처: embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/Index/C.htm
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| cytosine |
(cytosine triphosphate) one of the 4 types (ATCG) of nucleotides that make up DNA. Base pairs with guanine by 3 hydrogen bonds.
출처: embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/Index/C.htm
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| cytokinesis |
[Greek, kytos = hollow vessel + kinesis = movement] The division of the cytoplasm and formation of two separate plasma membranes.(More? Week 1 Notes)
출처: embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/Index/C.htm
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