| DNA-activated protein kinase | <enzyme> Nuclear serine-threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates DNA-binding proteins; may function in cell homeostasis Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- Synonym: DNA-pk, DNA-dependent protein serine-threonine kinase, DNA-dependent protein kinase, scid gene product, xrcc7 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| DNA adducts | Covalent adducts between chemical mutagens and DNA. Such couplings activate DNA repair processes and, unless repaired prior to DNA replication, may lead to nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and chromosome rearrangements. (rieger et al., glossary of genetics: classical and molecular, 5th ed) (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA alkyltransferase | <enzyme> Involved in DNA repair by conversion of o(6)-alkylguanine and o(4)-alkylthymine to the normal bases; see also EC 2.1.1.63, o(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- Synonym: alkylated DNA alkyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA amplification | <molecular biology> The use of enzymes in making millions or billions of copies of a single DNA sequence (see PCR). (14 Nov 1997) |
| DNA annealing | <molecular biology> The reformation of double stranded DNA from thermally denatured DNA. The rate of reassociation depends upon the degree of repetition and is slowest for unique sequences (this is the basis of the Cot value). (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA, antisense | A DNA molecule which is complementary to the sense strand (that which functions as a template for the synthesis of mRNA) but is not involved in transcription. Both strands are involved in replication. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase | <enzyme> Formerly EC 3.1.25.2 Registry number: EC 4.2.99.18 Synonym: endodeoxyribonuclease (apurinic or apyrimidinic), apurinic endonuclease, apurinic DNA endonuclease, purine insertase, endonuclease iv, DNA repair endonuclease, endonuclease vi, endonuclease iv, E coli, bap1, bovine ap endonuclease I, nfo gene product, apci, apcii, apciii, ap lyase, ap endonuclease, hap1 DNA repair enzyme, apurine-apyrimidine endonuclease (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA, archaeal | Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of archaea. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA, bacterial | Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA beta-glucosyltransferase | <enzyme> Transfers a beta-d-glucosyl residue from udp-glucose to hydroxymethylcytosine residues in double-stranded DNA Registry number: EC 2.4.1.27 Synonym: udp-glucose-DNA beta-d-glucosyltransferase, udp-glucose - 5-hydroxymethylcytosine beta-glucosyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA, chloroplast | Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of chloroplasts. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA, circular | Any of the covalently closed DNA molecules found in bacteria, many viruses, mitochondria, plastids, and plasmids. Small, polydisperse circular DNA's have also been observed in a number of eukaryotic organisms and are suggested to have homology with chromosomal DNA and the capacity to be inserted into, and excised from, chromosomal DNA. It is a fragment of DNA formed by a process of looping out and deletion, containing a constant region of the mu heavy chain and the 3'-part of the mu switch region. Circular DNA is a normal product of rearrangement among gene segments encoding the variable regions of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, as well as the T-cell receptor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA cloning | The use of DNA manipulation procedures to produce multiple copies of a single gene or segment of DNA. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA, complementary | Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesised from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. Cdna (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not c-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a methyl group from s-adenosylmethionine to the 5-position of cytosine or to the 6-position in adenine in mammalian DNA. Chemical name: S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.1.1.37 (12 Dec 1998) |