| type II familial hyperlipoproteinaemia | Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by increased plasma levels of beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, and phospholipids, but normal triglycerides; heterozygotes have mild lipid changes and are susceptible to atherosclerosis in middle age, but homozygotes have severe changes often with generalised xanthomatosis and xanthelasma, and frank clinical atherosclerosis as young adults. The primary defect is a deficiency of apoprotein of VLDL, and the disorder is divided into two classes: 1) type IIA, which has elevated LDL due to a deficiency of the receptor or a modified apolipoprotein B-100; 2) type IIB, which has elevated LDL and triglycerides; autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia, familial hypercholesteraemic xanthomatosis, familial hypercholesterolaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| type II hyperlipoproteinaemia | <biochemistry> A relatively rare (7 out of 1,000) genetic disease in which there is elevation in the blood triglycerides, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Also called type II hyperlipoproteinaemia, familial hyperlipoproteinaemia or familial hypercholesterolaemia. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| type III acrocephalosyndactyly | An autosomal dominant syndrome with variable expression of brachycephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, prominent ear crus, syndactyly, facial asymmetry, shallow orbits, telecanthus, and nasal septal deviation; may show mental retardation. Synonym: Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III collagen | Collagen characteristic of reticular fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III familial hyperlipoproteinaemia | Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by increased plasma levels of LDL, beta-lipoproteins, pre-beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides; hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high carbohydrate diet, and glucose tolerance is abnormal; frequent eruptive xanthomas and atheromatosis, particularly coronary artery disease; biochemical defect lies in apolipoproteins; there are many varieties. Synonym: carbohydrate-induced hyperlipaemia, dysbetalipoproteinaemia, familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia and hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia, familial hypercholesterolaemia with hyperlipaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III hyperlipoproteinaemia | <biochemistry> An inherited disorder (gene defect) where both cholesterol and triglycerides are elevated in the same patient. This condition accelerates the effects of atherosclerosis and thus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Conditions such as hypothyroidism, obesity and diabetes enhances this risk. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (27 Sep 1997) |
| type III hypersensitivity reaction | An immunologic category of diseases evoked by the deposition of antigen-antibody or antigen-antibody-complement complexes on cell surfaces, with subsequent involvement of breakdown products of complement, platelets, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and development of vasculitis; nephritis is common. Arthus phenomenon and serum sickness are classic examples, but many other disorders, including most of the connective tissue disease's, may belong in this immunologic category; immune complex disease's can also occur during a variety of disease's of known aetiology, such as subacute bacterial endocarditis. See: autoimmune disease. Synonym: immune complex disorder, type III hypersensitivity reaction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type III mucopolysaccharidosis | <syndrome> An error of the mucopolysaccharide metabolism, with excretion of large amounts of heparan sulfate in the urine and severe mental retardation with hepatomegaly; skeleton may be normal or may present mild changes similar to those in Hurler's syndrome; several different types (A, B, C, and D) have been identified according to the enzyme deficiency; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: type III mucopolysaccharidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type II interferon | <chemical> The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes. It is structurally different from type I interferon (interferon type I) and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to autoimmune disease. Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. Chemical name: Interferon-gamma (human lymphocyte protein moiety reduced) (12 Dec 1998) |
| type II mortality | <epidemiology> A mortality schedule in which all hosts are assumed to die at a constant rate. This constant rate is equal to the inverse of the life expectancy. (05 Dec 1998) |
| type II mucopolysaccharidosis | <syndrome> An error of mucopolysaccharide metabolism characterised by deficiency of iduronate sulfatase, with excretion of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in the urine; clinically similar to Hurler's syndrome but distinguished by less severe skeletal changes, no corneal clouding, and X-linked recessive inheritance. Synonym: type II mucopolysaccharidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| type I interferon | <chemical> Interferon secreted by leukocytes, fibroblasts, or lymphoblasts in response to viruses or interferon inducers other than mitogens, antigens, or allo-antigens. They include alpha- and beta-interferons (interferon-alpha and interferon-beta). Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, antiviral agents. (12 Dec 1998) |
| type I mortality | <epidemiology> A mortality schedule in which all hosts are assumed to live for a fixed number of years equal to the life expectancy. (05 Dec 1998) |
| type IS mucopolysaccharidosis | <syndrome> A hereditary metabolic disorder caused by a recessive gene which results in a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase, which breaks down dermatan sulphate and heparan sulphate, two types of mucopolysaccharides (complex carbohydrates). Consequently, the mucopolysaccharides accumulate in the cells of the body and cause damage. Symptoms include skeletal deformities, mental retardation, coronary artery disease, deafness, and stiff joints, among other things. There are mild and severe forms of the syndrome, the severe form is called Hurler syndrome, the mild form is called Scheie Syndrome, and children with an intermediate form have Hurler-Scheie Syndrome. Patients with the mild form generally suffer little to no mental retardation and survive to adulthood. There is presently no cure. Scheie's Syndrome is one of a number of related rare genetic mucopolysaccharide disorders, the most common being Hunter syndrome. (09 Oct 1997) |
| type IVA,B mucopolysaccharidosis | <syndrome> An error of mucopolysaccharide metabolism with excretion of keratan sulfate in urine; characterised by severe skeletal defects with short stature, severe deformity of spine and thorax, long bones with irregular epiphyses but with shafts of normal length, enlarged joints, flaccid ligaments, and waddling gait; autosomal recessive inheritance; type IV A mucopolysaccharidosis is due to an absence of galactose-1-sulfatase, while type IV B is due to a deficiency of a beta-galactosidase. Synonym: Brailsford-Morquio disease, Morquio's disease, Morquio-Ullrich disease, type IVA, B mucopolysaccharidosis. (05 Mar 2000) |