| aurintricarboxylic acid | <chemical> 5-((3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)(3-carboxy-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)methyl)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid. A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colourimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues. Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 5-((3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)(3-carboxy-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)methyl)-2-hydroxy- (12 Dec 1998) |
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| azetidinecarboxylic acid | <chemical> 2-azetidinecarboxylic acid. A proline analog. Acts as a stoichiometric replacement of proline causing the production of abnormal proteins having impaired biological activity. Chemical name: 2-Azetidinecarboxylic acid (12 Dec 1998) |
| Baker's acid haematein | An acidic solution of oxidised haematoxylin used on frozen sections for staining phospholipids. (05 Mar 2000) |
| barbituric acid | <chemistry> A white, crystalline substance, derived from alloxantin, also from malonic acid and urea, and regarded as a substituted urea. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| basic amino acid | An amino acid containing a second basic group (usually an amino group); e.g., lysine, arginine, ornithine. Synonym: dibasic amino acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bauer's chromic acid leucofuchsin stain | <technique> A stain for glycogen and fungi utilizing chromic acid as an oxidizing agent of polysaccharides, followed by Schiff's reagent; glycogen and fungi cell walls appear deep red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| behenic acid | CH3(CH2)20COOH;a constituent of most fats and fish oils; large amounts are found in jamba, mustard seed, rapeseed oils, and cerebrosides. Synonym: n-docosanoic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| benzoic acid | C6H5COOH;occurs naturally in gum benzoin; it is used as a food preservative, locally as a fungistatic, and orally as an antiseptic, diuretic, and expectorant. It is excreted rapidly as hippuric acid. Synonym: benzoyl hydrate, flowers of benzoin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-aminoisobutyric acid | 3-Amino-2-methylpropionic acid;an end product of thymine catabolism; high urinary levels (200-300 mg/day) have been noted in some individuals, either from some disease process or following a genetic pattern. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-aminoisobutyric acid oxidase | <enzyme> Fad-stimulated, probably forms methylmalonylsaemialdehyde Registry number: EC 1.4.3.- Synonym: baib-oxidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| beta-hydroxybutyric acid | CH3CH(OH)CH2COOH;the d-stereoisomer is one of the ketone bodies and is formed in ketogenesis; it is an important fuel for extrahepatic tissues; as an acyl derivative it is also an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. The l-isomer is found as a coenzyme A derivative in b oxidation of fatty acids. Synonym: 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid. D-3-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase, an enzyme that reversibly catalyses the interconversion of the two main ketone bodies, catalyzing acetoacetate + NADH + H+ &dblarr; d-3-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-hydroxyisobutyric acid | HOCH2CH(CH3)COOH;an intermediate in the degradation of l-valine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-hydroxypropionic acid | A minor intermediate in propionate and methylmalonate metabolism. See: beta-hydroxypropionic aciduria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| beta-sulfinylpyruvic acid | <biochemistry> An intermediate product of l-cysteine catabolism in mammalian tissue. Structure: HO2S-CH2-CO-COOH (05 Mar 2000) |
| betulinic acid | This pentacyclic terpene isfound in the bark of birch trees, especially the white birch (Betula alba). It is currently beinginvestigated as a treatment for malignant melanoma. (09 Oct 1997) |