| phosphoenolpyruvic acid | CH2==C(OPO3H2)-COOH;the phosphoric ester of pyruvic acid in the latter's enol form; an intermediate in the conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid and an example of a high energy phosphate ester. Phosphoenolpyruvic acid carboxykinase, an enzyme that catalyses the reaction of oxaloacetate and GTP to form phosphoenolpyruvic acid, CO2, and GDP; a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis; the biosynthesis of this enzyme is decreased by insulin. Synonym: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| phosphoethanolamine | 2-O3POCH2CH2NH3 +;a key intermediate in the formation of cephalins; formed in liver and brain by phosphorylation of ethanolamine. Phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of cephalins; it catalyses the reaction of phosphoethanolamine and CTP to form CDP-ethanolamine and pyrophosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase | <enzyme> Involved in the initial step in the sequential methylation of phosphoethanolamine to phosphocholine Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- Synonym: petn-mtase (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphofructokinase | <enzyme> The pacemaker enzyme of glycolysis. Coverts fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1,6 bisphosphate. A tetrameric allosteric enzyme that is sensitive to the ATP/ADP ratio. (18 Nov 1997) |
| phosphofructokinase phosphatase | <enzyme> May be an aspect of EC 3.1.3.16 Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: pfk-inactivating enzyme (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphogalactoisomerase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the transfer of ump from udpglucose to galactose 1-phosphate, forming udpgalactose and glucose 1-phosphate. Deficiency in this enzyme is the major cause of galactosaemia. Chemical name: UDPglucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase Registry number: EC 2.7.7.12 (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphoglucokinase | <enzyme> An enzyme that, in the presence of ATP, catalyses the phosphorylation of d-glucose 1-phosphate to form d-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and ADP; found in yeast and muscle; d-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate is a required cofactor of one of the enzymes in glycogenolysis. Synonym: glucose-1-phosphate kinase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphoglucomutase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of alpha d-glucose 1-phosphate to alpha d-glucose-6-phosphate. Chemical name: alpha-D-Glucose 1,6-phosphomutase Registry number: EC 5.4.2.2 (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphogluconate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyses the reaction 6-phospho-d-gluconate and NADP+ to yield d-ribulose 5-phosphate, carbon dioxide, and NADPH. The reaction is a step in the pentose phosphate pathway of glucose metabolism. Chemical name: 6-Phospho-D-gluconate:NAD(P)+ 2-oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.1.1.43 (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphogluconate pathway | <biochemistry> This oxidative pathway starts with glucose-6-phosphate andeventually results in the creation of pentose phosphates and NADPH. (09 Oct 1997) |
| phosphoglucosamine mutase | <enzyme> Catalyses the interconversion of glucosamine-6-phosphate and glucosamine-1-phosphate isomers; femr315 isolated from staphylococcus aureus Registry number: EC 5.4.2.- Synonym: glmm gene product, femr315 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphoglucose isomerase | <enzyme> In glycolysis, phosphoglucose isomerase is the enzyme responsible for the isomerisation of glucose-6-phosphate, an aldose, toFructose 6-phosphate, a ketose. (09 Oct 1997) |
| phosphoglyceracetals | Generic term for glycerophospholipids in which the glycerol moiety bears a 1-alkenyl ether group (on rarer occasions, a 1-alkyl ether group); e.g., alk-1-enylglycerophospholipid; plasmalogens synthesis is reduced in disorders of the peroxisome. Synonym: phosphoglyceracetals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phosphoglycerate | <biochemistry> The molecules 2 phosphoglycerate and 3 phosphoglycerate are intermediates in glycolysis. 3 phosphoglycerate is the precursor for synthesis of phosphatidic acid and diacyl glycerol, hence of phosphatidyl phospholipids. (31 Dec 1997) |
| phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Catalyses the oxidation of 3-phosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphohydroxy pyruvate, which can be transaminated and then hydrolyzed to give serine; minor descriptor (75-85); on-line and index medicus search alcohol oxidoreductases (75-77) and carbohydrate dehydrogenases (78-85) Registry number: EC 1.1.1.95 Synonym: phosphoglycerate oxidoreductase, 3-phosphoglycerate-nad+ 2-oxidoreductase, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, sera gene product (26 Jun 1999) |