| glutaraldehyde fixative | A fixative used in phosphate or cacodylate buffer for electron microscopy, and as a chromatin and enzyme fixative; may be used preceding osmic acid as a second fixative to add membrane preservation for electron microscopy. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| glutaric | <chemistry> Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid so called; as, glutaric ethers. Glutaric acid, an organic acid obtained as a white crystalline substance, isomeric with pyrotartaric acid. Synonym: normal pyrotartaric acid. Origin: Glutamic + tartaric. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| glutaric acid | <biochemistry> A chemical intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acids lysine and tryptophan which has the chemical formula C5H8O4. It is found in green sugar beets and in water extracted from wool. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glutaryl coenzyme A oxidase | <enzyme> In peroxisomes; forms hydrogen peroxide Registry number: EC 1.3.3.- Synonym: glutaryl-CoA oxidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutaryl-CoA | The mono thiol ester of coenzyme A and glutaric acid; an intermediate in l-lysine and l-tryptophan catabolism. Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme that catalyses the reaction of glutaryl-CoA with an acceptor to form crotonoyl-CoA, CO2, and the reduced acceptor; a deficiency of this enzyme will lead to either glutaric acidemia type I or hyperoxaluria type II. Glutaryl-CoA synthetase, an enzyme similar to acyl-CoA synthetase, but which splits ATP, GTP, or ITP to the nucleoside diphosphate and orthophosphate in acting on glutarate, thus forming glutaryl-Coa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Glutaric aciduria may be due to deficiency of this enzyme Registry number: EC 1.3.99.7 Synonym: glutaryl CoA dehydrogenase, glutaryl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutarylamidocephalosporanic acid acylase | <enzyme> Pseudomonas enzyme; forms 7-aminocephalosporanic acid Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: gl-7aca acylase, 7 beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid acylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutathione | <biochemistry> The tripeptide _ glutamylcysteinylglycine. It contains an unusual peptide linkage between the _ carboxyl group of the glutamate side chain and the amine group of cysteine. The concentration of glutathione in animal cells is _5mM and its sulphydryl group is kept largely in the reduced state. This allows it to act as a sulphydryl buffer, reducing any disulphide bonds formed within cytoplasmic proteins to cysteines. Hence, few, if any, cytoplasmic proteins contain disulphide bonds. Glutathione is also important as a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, in the uptake of amino acids and participates in leucotriene synthesis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutathione disulfide | <chemical> A glutathione derivative that forms when the sulfhydryl side chains of the cysteine residues of two glutathione molecules form a disulfide bond during the course of being oxidised with various oxides and peroxides in cells. Glutathione reductase, with the coupled oxidation of NADPH, reduces gssg to two moles of glutathione. Chemical name: Bis(gamma-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) Disulfide (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutathione oxidase | <enzyme> Oxygen-dependent conversion of glutathione to glutathione disulfide Registry number: EC 1.8.4.- Synonym: renal thiol oxidase, renal sulfhydryl oxidase, intestinal thiol oxidase, kidney thiol oxidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutathione peroxidase | <enzyme> A detoxifying enzyme that eliminates hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides. Glutathione is an essential cofactor for the enzyme and its reaction involves the oxidation of glutathione (GSH) to glutathione disulphide (GSSG). The GSSG is then reduced to GSH by glutathione reductase. Glutathione peroxidase, (GPX), has a selenocysteine residue in its active site. Three forms of the enzyme exist: cy toplasmic GPX, plasma GPX and phospholipid hydroperoxide GPX. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutathione reductase | <enzyme> An FAD containing enzyme, a dimer of 50 kD subunits. It catalyses the NADP dependent reduction of glutathione disulphide (GSSG) to glutathione (GSH). This is an essential reaction that maintains a GSH:GSSG ratio in the cytoplasm of _500:1. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutathione S-transferase | A class of enzymes that catalyze the reaction of glutathione with an acceptor molecule (e.g., an arene oxide) to form an S-substituted glutathione; a key step in detoxification of many substances; start of the mercapturic acid pathway. Synonym: ligandin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutathione synthase | <enzyme> One of the enzymes active in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. It catalyses the synthesis of glutathione from gamma-glutamylcysteine and glycine in the presence of ATP with the formation of ADP and orthophosphate. Chemical name: gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.3.2.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutathione synthetase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of glutathione, ADP, and orthophosphate from gamma-glutamylcysteine, ATP, and glycine; a deficiency will lead to metabolic acidosis and progressive brain dysfunction. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : Glu-tRNA Ligase, Glutamyl-tRNA Synthetase, Glu tRNA Ligase, Glutamate tRNA Ligase, Glutamyl tRNA Synthetase, Ligase, Glu-tRNA, Ligase, Glutamate-tRNA, Synthetase, Glutamyl-tRNA
Synonyms : Glutaminic Acids, Acids, Glutaminic, Aluminum L Glutamate, Glutamate, Potassium, L-Glutamate, Aluminum
Synonyms : D-Glutamate, Glutamic Acid, (D)-Isomer, L-Glutamate, L-Glutamic Acid, D Glutamate, L Glutamate, L Glutamic Acid
Synonyms : Phosphate-Activated Glutaminase, Glutaminase, Phosphate-Activated, Phosphate Activated Glutaminase
Synonyms : D-Glutamine, L-Glutamine, D Glutamine, L Glutamine
| glucagonoma |
(GLOO-kuh-guh-NO-ma) A rare pancreatic tumor that produces a hormone called glucagon. Glucagonomas can produce symptoms similar to diabetes.
출처: www.seniormag.com/conditions/cancer/cancerglossary...
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| glutamate |
An amino acid that is a primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This chemical agent plays an essential role in initiating and transmitting nerve impulses, crossing synapses to stimulate postsynaptic neurons.
출처: www.dbs-stn.org/glossary1.asp
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| gluteal |
relating to the buttocks.
출처: www.sfaf.org/treatment/beta/b39/b39glos.html
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| gluten |
A protein found in wheat, rye, barley and oats. Patients with an allergy to gluten often experience diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating and gas. Malabsorption may also occur in these individuals. The disease is also called gluten enteropathy or celiac sprue.
출처: www.gastromd.com/definitionsg.html
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| glucagon |
GLU-ka-gon A pancreatic hormone that breaks down glycogen into glucose, raising blood sugar levels. 664, 672
출처: www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/life/glossaryg.mhtml
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