| cDNA | circular deoxyribonucleic acid; complementary deoxyribonucleic acid |
|---|---|
| DPA | D-penicillamine; Department of Public Assistance; diphenylalanine; dipicolinic acid; dipropylacetic ... |
| EAA | electroacupuncture analgesia; Epilepsy Association of America; essential amino acid; excitatory amin... |
| FAA | folic acid antagonist; formaldehyde, acetic acid, alcohol |
| FPN | ferric chloride, perchloric acid, and nitric acid [solution] |
| aminopropionic acid | <amino acid> Alanine is a nonessential amino acid that can be manufactured by the body from other sources as needed. Alanine is one of the simplest of the amino acids and is involved in the energy-producing breakdown of glucose. In conditions of sudden anaerobic energy need, when muscle proteins are broken down for energy, alanine acts as a carrier molecule to take the nitrogen-containing amino group to the liver to be changed to the less toxic urea, thus preventing buildup of toxic products in the muscle cells when extra energy is needed. Because the body easily constructs alanine from other sources, no deficiency state is known. Alanine is found in a wide variety of foods, but is particularly concentrated in meats. (22 May 1997) |
|---|---|
| anisic acid | A crystalline volatile acid obtained from anise; its compounds are the antiseptic anisates. Synonym: 4-methoxybenzoic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anthranilic acid | One of the products of tryptophan catabolism. Synonym: o-aminobenzoic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apurinic acid | <chemical> Hydrolysate of DNA in which purine bases have been removed. Chemical name: Apurinic acid (12 Dec 1998) |
| apyrimidinic acid | DNA from which the pyrimidine bases have been removed by chemical treatment (e.g., exposure to hydrazine). (05 Mar 2000) |
| arabic acid | 1. <chemistry> A carbohydrate, isomeric with cane sugar, contained in gum arabic, from which it is extracted as a white, amorphous substance. 2. Mucilage, especially that made of gum arabic. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| arachic acid | CH3(CH2)18COOH;a fatty acid contained in peanut oil, butter, and other fats. Synonym: arachic acid, n-eicosanoic acid, n-icosanoic acid. Origin: Arachis, fr. G. Arakis, leguminous weed (05 Mar 2000) |
| arachidic acid | CH3(CH2)18COOH;a fatty acid contained in peanut oil, butter, and other fats. Synonym: arachic acid, n-eicosanoic acid, n-icosanoic acid. Origin: Arachis, fr. G. Arakis, leguminous weed (05 Mar 2000) |
| arachidonic acid | <biochemistry> An essential dietary component for mammals. The free acid is the precursor for biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid derivatives including leucotrienes and is thus of great biological significance. Within cells the acid is found in the esterified form as a major acyl component of membrane phospholipids (especially phosphatidyl inositol) and its release from phospholipids is thought to be the limiting step in the formation of its active metabolites. (18 Nov 1997) |
| arachidonic acid 18-hydroxylase | <enzyme> Converts arachidonic acid to 18-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid in the presence of NADPH; cytochrome p450 enzyme Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- Synonym: arachidonic acid 18(r)-hydroxylase, arachidonic acid omega 3-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| arachidonic acid cascade | Eicosanoid synthetic pathway. (05 Mar 2000) |
| argininosuccinic acid | <chemical> This amino acid is formed during the urea cycle from citrulline, aspartate and ATP. This reaction is catalyzed by argininosuccinic acid synthetase. Chemical name: L-Aspartic acid, N-(((4-amino-4-carboxybutyl)amino)iminomethyl)-, (S)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| aristolochic acid | 8-Methoxy-6-nitrophenanthro[3,4-d]-1,3-dioxole-5-carboxylic acid;an aromatic bitter derived from plants of the genus Aristolochia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic d-amino-acid decarboxylase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of l-dopa to dopamine, of l-tryptophan to tryptamine, and of l-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin; important in the biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines and melanin. Synonym: dopa decarboxylase, hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aromatic-l-amino-acid decarboxylases | <enzyme> An enzyme group with broad specificity. The enzymes decarboxylate a range of aromatic amino acids including dopa (dopa decarboxylase), tryptophan, and hydroxytryptophan. Chemical name: Aromatic-L-amino-acid carboxy-lyase Registry number: EC 4.1.1.28 (12 Dec 1998) |