| sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase | <enzyme> Hydrolyzes the n-acyl linkage between fatty acids and sphingosine bases in ceramides in various sphingolipids, as well as sphingomyelin to produce their lyso forms; mw 52 kD Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: scdase (26 Jun 1999) |
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| sphingolipidoses | Lysosomal storage diseases characterised by failure to degrade sphingolipids and resulting in their abnormal storage. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sphingolipidosis | Collective designation for a variety of diseases characterised by abnormal sphingolipid metabolism, e.g., gangliosidosis, Gaucher's disease, Niemann-Pick disease. Synonym: sphingolipodystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sphingolipodystrophy | Collective designation for a variety of diseases characterised by abnormal sphingolipid metabolism, e.g., gangliosidosis, Gaucher's disease, Niemann-Pick disease. Synonym: sphingolipodystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sphingomyelin | <biochemistry> A sphingolipid in which the head group is phosphoryl choline. A close analogue of phosphatidylcholine. In many cells the concentration of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine in the plasma membrane seems to bear a reciprocal relationship. (18 Nov 1997) |
| sphingomyelin deacylase | <enzyme> Forms sphingosylphosphocholine Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- Synonym: sm-deacylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| sphingomyelin lipidosis | <disease> A family of severe lysosomal storage diseases resulting in an accumulation of sphingomyelin and other phospholipids in the reticuloendothelial system. The best studied forms are due to deficiency of sphingomyelinase and it is more common in Ashkenazi Jews than other groups. Clinical signs include foam cells in the blood and marrow, hepatosplenomegaly and neurologic degeneration. Diagnosis is confirmed by enzyme assay on leukocytes or fibroblasts and specific mutations in the gene are now recognised. (29 Dec 1997) |
| sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide (n-acylsphingosine) plus choline phosphate. A defect in this enzyme leads to niemann-pick disease. Chemical name: Sphingomyelin cholinephosphohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.1.4.12 (12 Dec 1998) |
| sphingomyelinase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide (n-acylsphingosine) plus choline phosphate. A defect in this enzyme leads to niemann-pick disease. Chemical name: Sphingomyelin cholinephosphohydrolase Registry number: EC 3.1.4.12 (12 Dec 1998) |
| sphingomyelins | A group of phospholipids, found in brain, spinal cord, kidney, and egg yolk, containing 1-phosphocholine (choline O-phosphate) combined with a ceramide (a long-chain fatty acid linked to the nitrogen of a long-chain base, such as sphingosine). Synonym: ceramide 1-phosphorylcholine, phosphosphingosides. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sphingosine | <biochemistry> Long chain amino alcohol that bears an approximate similarity to glycerol with a hydrophobic chain attached to the 3 carbon. Forms the class of sphingolipids when it carries an acyl group joined by an amide link to the nitrogen. Forms sphingomyelin when phosphoryl choline is attached to the 1 hydroxyl group. Gives rise to the cerebroside and ganglioside classes of glycolipids when oligosaccharides are attached to the 1 hydroxyl group. Not found in the free form. (18 Nov 1997) |
| sphingosine CoA-independent transacetylase | <enzyme> Transfers the acetate group from platelet-activating factor (paf) to sphingosine forming n-acetylsphingosine (c2-ceramide) Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- Synonym: platelet-activating factor-sphingosine transacetylase, paf-sphingosine transacetylase, paf-sph transacetylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| sphingosine N-methyltransferase | <enzyme> Converts sphingosine to n,n-dimethylsphingosine Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| sphinx | 1. In Egyptian art, an image of granite or porphyry, having a human head, or the head of a ram or of a hawk, upon the wingless body of a lion. "The awful ruins of the days of old . . . Or jasper tomb, or mutilated sphinx." (Shelley) On Greek art and mythology, a she-monster, usually represented as having the winged body of a lion, and the face and breast of a young woman. The most famous Grecian sphinx, that of Thebes in Boeotia, is said to have proposed a riddle to the Thebans, and killed those who were unable to guess it. The enigma was solved by oedipus, whereupon the sphinx slew herself. "Subtle as sphinx." 2. Hence: A person of enigmatical character and purposes, especially in politics and diplomacy. 3. <zoology> Any one of numerous species of large moths of the family Sphingidae; called also hawk moth. The larva is a stout naked caterpillar which, when at rest, often assumes a position suggesting the Egyptian sphinx, whence the name. 4. <zoology> The Guinea, or sphinx, baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx). <zoology> Sphinx baboon Same as Sphinx. Origin: L, from Gr. Sfigx, usually derived from sfiggein to bind tight or together, as if the Throttler. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| sphragide | <chemical> Lemnian earth. Origin: L. Sphragis, -idis, Lemnian earth, fr. Gr, a seal; so called because sold in sealed packets. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| sphincter |
Circular muscle often found within tubular structures of the body. Relaxation or contraction of a sphincter allows controlled passage of material through the sphincter or vice versa. The sphincters of the urethra and anus work in much the same fashion.
출처: www.ucsf.edu/wcc/AboutBladderProbs_glossary.html
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| sphincter |
A small muscle that can open or block a passageway, such as the urethra or the rectum.
출처: calder.med.miami.edu/pointis/glossary.html
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| sphincter |
A circular muscle which contracts to close an orifice. The urethral sphincter squeezes the urethra shut, providing urinary control.
출처: www.dattolicancerfoundation.org/glossary.htm
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| spherical |
a robot whose arms have concurrent prismatic or rotary joints.
출처: www.assemblymag.com/CDA/ArticleInformation/news/ne...
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| sphincter muscle |
A circular muscle that opens or closes like a drawstring. In the normal state, sphincter muscle contracts and is closed. When the muscle relaxes, it opens.
출처: www.hemorrhoidsinplainenglish.com/hemorrhoid/gloss...
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