| pain insensitivity, congenital | Absence of sensibility to pain or inability to feel pain. The condition is present at birth. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| pain measurement | Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain reaction | Dilation of the pupil or any other involuntary act occurring in response to a stimulus causing sharp pain anywhere. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pain threshold | Amount of stimulation required before the sensation of pain is experienced. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain tolerance | The greatest intensity of painful stimulation that an individual is able to tolerate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pain, ankle | The ankle is a hinged joint. The severity of ankle sprains ranges from mild (which can resolve within 24 hours) to severe (which can require surgical repair). Tendinitis of the ankle can be caused by trauma or inflammatory arthritis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain, back | Symptoms in the low back can relate to the bony lumbar spine, discs between the vertebrae, ligaments around the spine and discs, spinal cord and nerves, muscles of the low back, internal organs of the pelvis and abdomen, and the skin covering the lumbar area. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain, chest | Chest pain has many cause. One celebrated cause is angina which results from inadequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle due to coronary artery disease or spasm of the coronary arteries. Treatment of angina includes rest, medication, angioplasty, and/or coronary artery bypass surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain, elbow | Tendinitis can affect the inner or outer elbow. Treatment includes ice, rest, and medication for inflammation. Bacteria can infect the skin of a scraped (abraded) elbow and cause pain. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain, intractable | Pain which is difficult to control. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain, knee | Causes of knee pain include injury, degeneration, arthritis, infrequently infection and rarely bone tumours. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain, postoperative | Pain during the period after surgery. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pain-pleasure principle | A psychoanalytic concept that, in a human's psychic functioning, he/she tends to seek pleasure and avoid pain; a term borrowed by experimental psychology to denote the same tendency of an animal in a learning situation. Synonym: pleasure principle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| painful | 1. Full of pain; causing uneasiness or distress, either physical or mental; afflictive; disquieting; distressing 2. Requiring labour or toil; difficult; executed with laborious effort; as a painful service; a painful march. 3. Painstaking; careful; industrious. "A very painful person, and a great clerk." (Jer. Taylor) "Nor must the painful husbandman be tired." (Dryden) Synonym: Disquieting, troublesome, afflictive, distressing, grievous, laborious, toilsome, difficult, arduous. Pain"fully, Pain"fulness. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| painful anaesthesia | Severe spontaneous pain occurring in an anaesthetic area. Synonym: painful anaesthesia. (05 Mar 2000) |