| neuromuscular spindle | A fusiform end organ in skeletal muscle in which afferent and a few efferent nerve fibres terminate; it contains from 3 to 10 striated muscle fibres (intrafusal fibres) that are much smaller than the ordinary muscle fibres, are separated from them by a capsule that encloses the organ, and are innervated by the thin axon of a gamma motoneuron (gamma motor fibre); the sensory endings that occur on the intrafusal fibres are either annulospiral or flower spray endings; this sensory end organ is particularly sensitive to passive stretch of the muscle in which it is enclosed. Synonym: Kuhne's spindle, muscle spindle. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| neuromuscular system | The muscles of the body collectively and the nerves supplying them. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuromyasthenia | An obsolete term for muscular weakness, usually of emotional origin. Origin: neuro-+ G. Mys, muscle, + a-priv. + sthenos, strength (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuromyelitis | Neuritis combined with spinal cord inflammation. Synonym: myeloneuritis. Origin: neuro-+ G. Myelos, marrow, + -itis, inflammation (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuromyelitis optica | A demyelinating disease of the optic nerve chiasma, optic tract, and spinal cord characterised by acute bilateral optic neuritis and acute myelitis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neuromyopathy | 1. A disorder of muscle due to disorder of its nerve supply. 2. Simultaneous disorders of nerve and muscles. Origin: neuro-+ G. Mys, muscle, + pathos, disease (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuromyositis | An obsolete term for polymyositis. Origin: neuro-+ G. Mys, muscle, + -itis, inflammation (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuron | An excitable cell specialised for the transmission of electrical signals over long distances. Neurons receive input from sensory cells or other neurons and send output to muscles or other neurons. Neurons with sensory input are called sensory neurons, neurons with muscle outputs are called motoneurons, neurons that connect only with other neurons are called interneurons. Neurons connect with each other via synapses. Neurons can be the longest cells known, a single axon can be several metres in length. Although signals are usually sent via action potentials, some neurons are nonspiking. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neuronal | <anatomy> Pertaining to a neuron or neurons (= conducting cells of the nervous system). (18 Nov 1997) |
| neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis | A heritable lipidosis with cytoplasmic inclusions staining for ceroid and lipofuscin. Clinically the patient has progressive dementia, retinal degeneration, seizures, and myoclonic jerks. It was formerly thought to be related to tay-sachs disease but the biochemical defect is as yet undetermined. Named according to age of onset: jansky-bielschowsky disease, 2-4 years; batten-spielmeyer-vogt disease, 5-11 years; and kufs disease, adult. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neuronal differentiation | Acquisition during development of specific biochemical, physiological and morphological properties by nerve cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neuronal guidance | <cell biology> General term for mechanisms that ensure correct projections by nerve cells in developing and regenerating nervous systems. Implies accurate navigation by growth cones, the highly motile tips of growing neuronal processes. See: growth cone collapse. (12 Mar 1998) |
| neuronal hyperplasia | Increased numbers of ganglion cells with myenteric plexus hyperplasia and increased acetylcholinesterase activity in nerves of the mucosa and submucosa. Clinically, neuronal hyperplasia mimics Hirschprung's disease. Similar findings are seen in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, type IIB, and in neurofibromatosis. Synonym: hyperganglionosis, neuronal intestinal dysplasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuronal intestinal dysplasia | Increased numbers of ganglion cells with myenteric plexus hyperplasia and increased acetylcholinesterase activity in nerves of the mucosa and submucosa. Clinically, neuronal hyperplasia mimics Hirschprung's disease. Similar findings are seen in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, type IIB, and in neurofibromatosis. Synonym: hyperganglionosis, neuronal intestinal dysplasia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuronal plasticity | Ability of nerve cells to change their properties for example by sprouting new processes, making new synapses or altering the strength of existing synapses. See: long-term potentiation. (18 Nov 1997) |
Synonyms : Nondepolarizing Blockers, Agents, Curare-Like, Agents, Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing, Blockers, Nondepolarizing, Curare Like Agents, Drugs, Curariform, Muscle Relaxants, Non Depolarizing, Non-Depolarizing Muscle Relaxants, Nondepolarizing Agents, Neuromuscular
Synonyms : Devic Syndrome, Devic's Disease, Devic's Syndrome, Devic's Syndromes, Devics Disease, Devics Syndrome, Disease, Devic, Disease, Devic's, Syndrome, Devic, Syndrome, Devic's, Syndromes, Devic's
Synonyms : NAIP (Spinal Muscular Atrophy), NAIP Protein, Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein, Neuronal, Neuronal Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein
Synonyms : Calcium-Sensor Proteins, Neuronal, Neuronal Calcium Sensor Proteins
Synonyms : Adult Neuronal Ceroid Lipfuscinosis, Batten-Mayou Disease, Batten-Spielmeyer-Vogt Disease, Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipfuscinosis, Juvenile Cerebroretinal Degeneration, Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipfuscinosis, Late-Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipfuscinosis
| neuromuscular junction |
the site of apposition of a motor end plate and the subneural cleft of the skeletal muscle fiber that it innervates. After the nerve is excited, the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released from the axon terminal when the nerve is excited, diffuses across the synaptic cleft, and reversibly binds to receptor molecules on the muscle fiber surface, causing the initiation of an action potential that propagates along the muscle fiber and causes it to contract. Called also myoneural j.
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| neurogenic fracture |
fracture due to weakening of the bone as a result of tabes, paresis, etc.
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| neuroparalytic ophthalmia |
keratitis due to lesion of branches of the fifth nerve or of the gasserian ganglion.
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| neurologic cretinism |
the usual kind of endemic cretinism, characterized by delayed growth of long bones, neurologic complications such as deaf mutism, mental retardation, and spasticity, sometimes with goiter, but usually without myxedema. Cf. myxedematous c.
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| neurological amnesia |
that caused by disease of or injury to the nervous system.
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