| retroviral vector | <molecular biology> See Retroviridae. Retroviral vectors are used in the genetic modification of cells as a means of introducing foreign DNA into the genome. For example: retroviral vector 's encoding histochemical markers (reporter genes) are used in the study of neural cell lineage in vertebrates. Retroviral vector's may contain the bacterial lacZ gene that encodes for the enzyme _ galactosidase. When the retrovirally infected cells divide, they replicate the foreign DNA. Progeny of infected cells will therefore express the protein and can then be detected histochemically. (11 Jan 1998) |
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| Retroviridae | <virology> Viruses with a single stranded RNA genome (Class VI). On infecting a cell the virus generates a DNA replica by action of its virally coded reverse transcriptase. Oncovirinae are one of three subclasses of retroviruses, the others being Lentivirinae and Spumavirinae. See: retroviral vector. (18 Nov 1997) |
| retroviridae infections | Virus diseases caused by the retroviridae. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviridae proteins | Proteins from the family retroviridae. The most frequently encountered member of this family is the rous sarcoma virus protein. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviridae proteins, oncogenic | Retroviral proteins that have the ability to transform cells. They can induce sarcomas, leukaemias, lymphomas, and mammary carcinomas. Not all retroviral proteins are oncogenic. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retrovirus | <virology> Any virus in the family Retroviridae that has RNA as its nucleic acid and uses the enzyme reverse transcriptase to copy its genome into the DNA of the host cells chromosomes. Many cancers in vertebrates are caused by retroviruses. (09 Oct 1997) |
| retroviruses type b, mammalian | A genus of the family retroviridae consisting of a few exogenous, vertically transmitted and endogenous viruses of mice. It is associated with mammary carcinoma and T-cell lymphoma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviruses type c, avian | A genus of the family retroviridae with type c morphology, that causes malignant and other diseases in wild birds and domestic fowl. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviruses type c, mammalian | A genus of retroviridae comprising endogenous sequences in mammals, related reticuloendotheliosis viruses of birds, and a reptilian species. Many species contain oncogenes and cause leukaemias and sarcomas. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviruses type d, simian | Type d retroviruses that cause simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (saids) and malignancies in monkeys. at least five serotypes of srv are recognised: srv-1, srv-2 (retrovirus-d/new england), srv-3 (mason-pfiser monkey virus), srv-4, and srv-5. Subcutaneous fibrosarcoma is associated with srv-1 infection and retroperitoneal fibromatosis is associated with srv-2 infection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviruses, simian | Classes of retroviruses for which monkeys or apes are hosts. Those isolated from the west african green monkey and the asian rhesus macaque monkey are of particular interest because of their similarities to viruses causing cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in humans. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retroviruses, type d | A genus of the family retroviridae consisting of oncogenic exogenous retroviruses that contain type d particles. They include the type species, mason-pfiser monkey virus, isolated from mammary carcinoma and normal tissues in rhesus monkeys, and several other serotypes of simian type d retroviruses (retroviruses type d, simian), all of which cause simian aids (saids) and other malignancies. The permanent human fibroblast virus (pmfv) is also type d. The core of the type d viruses is the intracytoplasmic type a particle and its mechanism of budding from the cell membrane is similar to the type b oncoviruses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| retruded | <dentistry> A term used when your front teeth are slated lingually (i.e. Toward the back of your mouth). (08 Jan 1998) |
| retrusion | 1. Retraction of the mandible from any given point. 2. The backward movement of the mandible. Origin: L. Re-trudo, pp. -trusus, to push back (05 Mar 2000) |
| retrusive excursion | The slight backward and return movement of the mandible between the position of closure and a slightly posterior position. (05 Mar 2000) |
| retrospective study |
A study that looks backward in time, usually using medical records and interviews with patients who already have or had a disease.
출처: www.seniormag.com/conditions/cancer/cancerglossary...
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| retroverted |
Refers to the position of the uterus when it is tilted backward in relation to the direction of the vagina. A retroverted uterus is not always abnormal. Sometimes, however, a uterus can be pulled into a retroverted position by endometriosis affecting the uterosacral ligaments. A sharply retroverted uterus can cause pain during and after sex (dyspareunia). Opposite to anteverted. See also transvaginal ultrasound.
출처: www.jansen.com.au/Dictionary_PR.html
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| retroflexed |
A backward angle of the fundus of the uterus in relation to the direction of the cervix. Usually only occurs when the uterus is retroverted. Opposite to anteflexed.
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| retrograde ejaculation |
Ejaculation in which semen, instead of spurting out from the penis during male orgasm, spills upwards into the bladder. Usually has a medically important cause, which requires investigation. Treatment can be successful by isolating spermatozoa from the urine and carrying out some form of assisted conception, such as assisted insemination or in vitro fertilization.
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| retropubic prostatectomy |
(re-tro-PYOO-bik pros-ta-TEK-toe-mee) Surgery to remove the prostate through an incision made in the abdominal wall.
출처: www.seniormag.com/conditions/cancer/cancerglossary...
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