| respiratory distress s. of the newborn |
dyspnea with cyanosis in the newborn, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, caused by a deficiency in surfactant. It is usually seen in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, or infants delivered by cesarean section, although sometimes there is no apparent predisposing cause. Some affected infants die of respiratory failure in the first few days of life and at autopsy have eosinophilic hyaline material lining the alveoli, alveolar ducts, and bronchioles. Called also hyaline membrane disease and idiopathic respiratory distress of newborn.
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| respiratory e. |
one that is part of an electron transport (respiratory) chain.
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| respiratory exchange r. |
the ratio of carbon dioxide output to oxygen uptake in respiration. Symbol R. Called also expiratory exchange r.
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| respiratory f. |
a condition resulting from respiratory insufficiency, in which there is persistent abnormally low arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) or abnormally high carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2). Called also ventilatory f.
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| respiratory i. |
a condition in which the lungs cannot provide adequate oxygen intake or carbon dioxide expulsion to meet the needs of the body and its cells. See also respiratory failure, under failure.
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