| neurofibrillary tangles | Abnormal structures located in various parts of the brain and composed of dense arrays of paired helical filaments (neurofilaments and microtubules). These double helical stacks of transverse subunits are twisted into left-handed ribbon-like filaments that likely incorporate the following proteins: 1) the intermediate filaments: medium- and high-molecular-weight neurofilaments; 2) the microtubule-associated proteins map-2 and tau; 3) actin; and 4) ubiquitin. As one of the hallmarks of alzheimer disease, the neurofibrillary tangles eventually occupy the whole of the cytoplasm in certain classes of cell in the neocortex, hippocampus, brainstem, and diencephalon. The number of these tangles, as seen in post mortem histology, correlates with the degree of dementia during life. Some studies suggest that tangle antigens leak into the systemic circulation both in the course of normal aging and in cases of alzheimer disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| neurofibrils | <cell biology> Filaments found in neurons, not necessarily neurofilaments in all cases and in the older literature fibrils are composed of both microtubules and neurofilaments. Originally used by light microscopists to describe much larger fibrils seen particularly well with silver staining methods. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neurofibroma | <oncology, tumour> A neurofibroma is a smooth, polypoid, soft or firm tumour that arises from the Schwann cells and fibroblasts of the neurilemmal sheath. They may grow anywhere in the myelinated nervous system. (27 Sep 1997) |
| neurofibroma, plexiform | A type of neurofibroma representing an anomaly rather than a true neoplasm, in which the proliferation of schwann cells occurs from the inner aspect of the nerve sheath, thereby resulting in an irregularly thickened, distorted, tortuous structure. In some instances the process extends along the course of the nerve and may eventually involve the spinal roots and the spinal cord. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neurofibromatosis | <oncology> One of the most common disorders in genetics, neurofibromatosis encompasses at least two diseases, designated NF-1 and NF-2. NF-1 or classic neurofibromatosis, is characterised by the familiar cafe- au-lait spots, axillary freckling, cutaneous and visceral neurofibromas (which sometimes undergo malignant transformation), gliomas, scoliosis, and Lisch nodules of the iris. NF-1 is associated with the the von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis locus that encodes the NF-1 protein, a GTPase activating protein which interacts with the ras proteins. The gene is located on chromosome 17. NF-2, also called acoustic or central neurofibromatosis, features neurofibromas restricted to the acoustic nerve (usually bilateral) and the central nervous system, skin lesions may or may not be present. The gene is located on chromosome 22. There are no biochemical markers of the disorder, but the cloning of both the NF-1 and NF-2 genes makes DNA-based diagnosis possible in some families. Both genes appear to be tumour suppressor genes. Both conditions are autosomal dominant, but the variable penetrance and expressivity and high frequency of new mutations make genetic counseling difficult. Inheritance: autosomal dominant. (29 Dec 1997) |
| neurofibromatosis 1 | A congenital autosomal dominant disorder characterised by developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and skin especially in those derived from the embryonic neural crest. There are multiple cutaneous tumours and tumours of the peripheral and central nervous system. The disease has been linked to mutations of the nf1 gene on chromosome 17. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neurofibromatosis 2 | Severe autosomal dominant disorder characterised especially by bilateral acoustic neuromas as well as other multiple tumours including meningiomas, ependymomas, spinal neurofibromas, and gliomas. The disease has been linked to mutations of the nf2 gene on chromosome 22. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neurofibrosarcoma | A malignant tumour of neural sheath origin. Although superficially similar in appearance to fibrosarcoma, it is more aggressive and its cells are more variable in size and shape. The most common primary sites are the extremities, retroperitoneum, and trunk. It accounts for 5-10% of all non-rhabdomyosarcomatous soft tissue sarcomas in children. Neurofibrosarcoma often occurs in association with von recklinghausen's disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| neurofilament | <cell biology> Member of the class of intermediate filaments found in axons of nerve cells. In vertebrates assembled from three distinct protein subunits. (neurofilament L, 68 kD, neurofilament M, 160 kD, & neurofilament H 200 kD) These proteins, if introduced into fibroblasts, will incorporate into the vimentin filament system. (29 Dec 1997) |
| neurofilament proteins | Type III intermediate filament proteins that assemble into neurofilaments, the major cytoskeletal element in nerve axons and dendrites. They consist of three distinct polypeptides, the neurofilament triplet. Types I, II, and IV intermediate filament proteins form other cytoskeletal elements such as keratins and lamins. It appears that the metabolism of neurofilaments is disturbed in alzheimer's disease, as indicated by the presence of neurofilament epitopes in the neurofibrillary tangles, as well as by the severe reduction of the expression of the gene for the light neurofilament subunit of the neurofilament triplet in brains of alzheimer's patients. (can j neurol sci 1990 aug;17(3):302) (12 Dec 1998) |
| neurofilament-associated kinase | <enzyme> Phosphorylates a subset of peptides in vitro which are phosphorylated in vivo in cultured neurons Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: naf kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| neuroganglion | 1. A knot or knotlike mass. 2. <anatomy> A general term for a group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system, occasionally applied to certain nuclear groups within the brain or spinal cord, for example basal ganglia. 3. <oncology, tumour> A benign cystic tumour occurring on a aponeurosis or tendon, as in the wrist or dorsum of the foot, it consists of a thin fibrous capsule enclosing a clear mucinous fluid. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neurogastric | Relating to the innervation of the stomach. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neurogenesis | <embryology> Differentiation of the nervous system from the ectoderm of the early embryo. There are major differences between neurogenesis in vertebrates and invertebrates. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neurogenic | <embryology> Arising from or caused by the nervous system. Origin: Gr. Gennan = to produce (27 Sep 1997) |
Synonyms : Merlin, Moesin-Ezrin-Radixin-Like Protein, NF2 Gene Product, Neurofibromatosis 2 Gene Product, Schwannomin Protein, Gene Product, NF2, Moesin Ezrin Radixin Like Protein, Protein, Schwannomin
Synonyms : Neurofibrosarcomas, Neurogenic Sarcoma, Neurogenic Sarcomas, Sarcomas, Neurogenic
Synonyms : Heavy Neurofilament Protein, Neurofilament Triplet Proteins, Neurofilament Protein, Heavy, Protein, Heavy Neurofilament, Proteins, Neurofilament, Proteins, Neurofilament Triplet, Triplet Proteins, Neurofilament
Synonyms : Inflammation, Neurogenic, Inflammations, Neurogenic, Neurogenic Inflammations
Synonyms : Glial Cells, Neuroglial Cells, Cell, Glial, Cell, Neuroglial, Cells, Glial, Cells, Neuroglial, Glial Cell, Neuroglial Cell
| neurectomy |
surgical removal of all or part of a nerve
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| neurilemma |
neurolemma: thin membranous sheath around a nerve fiber
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| neurilemoma |
neurofibroma: tumor of the fibrous covering of a peripheral nerve
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| neuropsychology |
physiological psychology: the branch of psychology that is concerned with the physiological bases of psychological processes
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| neurosis |
a mental or personality disturbance not attributable to any known neurological or organic dysfunction
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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