| round pronator muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, superficial (humeral) head (ulnar) from the common flexor origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus, deep (ulnar) head from the medial side of the coronoid process of the ulna; insertion, middle of the lateral surface of the radius; action, pronates forearm; nerve supply, median. Synonym: musculus pronator teres, musculus pronator radii teres, round pronator muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| ciliary muscle | <anatomy> The smooth muscle of the ciliary body; it consists of circular fibres (Muller's muscle) and radiating fibres (meridional fibres, or Brucke's muscle); action, in contracting, its diameter is reduced (like a sphincter), reducing tensile (stretching) forces on lens, allowing it to thicken for near vision (accommodation). Synonym: musculus ciliaris, Bowman's muscle, ciliary ligament. (05 Mar 2000) |
| middle constrictor muscle of pharynx | Origin, stylohyoid ligament, lesser cornu of the hyoid bone (chondropharyngeal part) and greater cornu of the hyoid bone (ceratopharyngeal part); insertion, pharyngeal raphe in the posterior wall of the pharynx; action, narrows pharynx in the act of swallowing; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus. Synonym: musculus constrictor pharyngis medius. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ruysch's muscle | <anatomy> The muscular tissue of the fundus of the uterus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| middle scalene muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, costotransverse lamellae of transverse processes of second to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, first rib posterior to subclavian artery; action, raises first rib; nerve supply, cervical plexus. Synonym: musculus scalenus medius, middle scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| clavicular part of pectoralis major muscle | pars clavicularis musculi pectoralis majoris, clavicular head of pectoralis major |
| mitochondria, muscle | Mitochondria of skeletal and smooth muscle. It does not include myocardial mitochondria for which mitochondria, heart is available. (12 Dec 1998) |
| physical elasticity of muscle | <anatomy> The quality of muscle that enables it to yield to passive physical stretch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| physiologic elasticity of muscle | The biologic quality, unique for muscle, of being able to change and resume size under neuromuscular control. (05 Mar 2000) |
| coccygeal muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, spine of ischium and sacrospinous ligament; insertion, sides of lower part of sacrum and upper part of coccyx; action, assists in support of pelvic floor, especially when intra-abdominal pressures increase; nerve supply, third and fourth sacral. Synonym: musculus coccygeus, coccygeal muscle, musculus ischiococcygeus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| molluscan catch muscle | <biology> Muscle responsible for holding closed the two halves of the shell of bivalves. Specialise d to maintain tension with low expenditure of ATP. Rich in paramyosin. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Coiter's muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, from orbital portion of musculus orbicularis oculi and nasal prominence; insertion, skin of eyebrow; action, draws medial end of eyebrow downward and wrinkles forehead vertically; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus corrugator supercilii, Coiter's muscle, corrugator muscle, wrinkler muscle of eyebrow. (05 Mar 2000) |
| piriform muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, margins of pelvic sacral foramina and greater sciatic notch of ilium; insertion, upper border of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, nerve to piriformis (sciatic plexus). Synonym: musculus piriformis, musculus pyriformis, piriform muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| white muscle | <anatomy> A rapid or fast-twitch muscle in which pale large "white" fibres predominate; mitochondria and myoglobin are relatively sparse compared with red muscle; involved in phasic contraction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| white muscle disease | A myodegeneration most frequent in calves and lambs whose dams have been fed during gestation or longer on feeds, especially legumes, grown in certain areas where selenium is either deficient or unavailable in the soil. It has been recorded in many countries. It has been produced experimentally in several species of animals on low-selenium intake. A similar myopathy occurs naturally in goats, deer, foals, and dogs but proof of the aetiology is lacking. (merck veterinary manual, 5th ed) (12 Dec 1998) |