| MCH | Maternal and Child Health; mean corpuscular hemoglobin; muscle contraction headache |
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| MCI | mean cardiac index; methicillin; mucociliary insufficiency; muscle contraction interference |
| MEB | Medical Evaluation Board; muscle-eye-brain [disease] |
| MFCV | muscle fiber conduction velocity |
| MFT | multifocal atrial tachycardia; muscle function test |
| saemicanal for tensor tympani muscle | <anatomy> Saemicanal of the tensor muscle of the tympanum; the superior division of the canalis musculotubarius containing the tensor tympani muscle. Synonym: saemicanalis musculi tensoris tympani. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| heart muscle | <anatomy> Tissue specialised for contraction. See twitch muscle, catch muscle: Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is a striated but involuntary muscle responsible for the pumping activity of the vertebrate heart. The individual muscle cells are joined through a junctional complex known as the intercalated disc and are not fused together into multinucleate structures as they are in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is a rather non-specific term usually applied to the striated muscle of vertebrates that is under voluntary control. The muscle fibres are syncytial and contain myofibrils, tandem arrays of sarcomeres. Smooth muscle is muscle tissue in vertebrates made up from long tapering cells that may be anything from 20-500m long. Smooth muscle is generally involuntary and differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length. Smooth muscle cells are found particularly in blood vessel walls, surrounding the intestine (especially the gizzard in birds) and in the uterus. The contractile system and its control resemble those of motile tissue cells (for example fibroblasts, leucocytes) and antibodies against smooth muscle myosin will cross react with myosin from tissue cells, whereas antibodies against skeletal muscle myosin will not. See: dense bodies. (18 Nov 1997) |
| procerus muscle | <anatomy> Insertion, into frontalis; action, assists frontalis; origin, from membrane covering bridge of nose; nerve supply, branch of facial. Synonym: musculus procerus, musculus pyramidalis nasi, procerus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| helicis major muscle | <anatomy> A narrow band of muscular fibres on the anterior border of the helix of the auricle arising from the spine and inserted at the point where the helix becomes transverse. Synonym: musculus helicis major, large muscle of helix. (05 Mar 2000) |
| helicis minor muscle | <anatomy> A band of oblique fibres covering the crus of the helix of the auricle. Synonym: musculus helicis minor, smaller muscle of helix. (05 Mar 2000) |
| salpingopharyngeal muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, medial lamina of cartilaginous part of auditory tube; insertion, longitudinal muscular layer of pharynx in association with musculus palatopharyngeus; action, assists in elevating pharynx and, according to some, assists in opening the auditory tube during swallowing; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus. Synonym: musculus salpingopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeal muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Santorini's muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, from platysma and fascia of masseter; insertion, orbicularis oris and skin at corner of mouth; action, draws angle of mouth laterally, lenghthening rima oris; nerve supply, facial. Synonym: musculus risorius, Albinus' muscle, Santorini's muscle. Origin: L. Risor, a laughter, fr. Rideo, pp. Risus, to laugh (05 Mar 2000) |
| progressive muscle relaxation | A cognitive-behavioural strategy in which muscles are alternately tensed and then relaxed in a systematic fashion. (16 Dec 1997) |
| satellite cell of skeletal muscle | <anatomy> An elongated spindle-shaped cell occupying depressions in the sarcolemma and between it and the basal lamina; believed to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration by fusing with adjacent myofibre. Synonym: sarcoplast. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scalenus minimus muscle | <anatomy> An occasional independent muscular fasciculus between the scalenus anterior and medius, and having the same action and innervation. Synonym: musculus scalenus minimus, Albinus' muscle, Sibson's muscle, smallest scalene muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scalp muscle | <anatomy> Composed of the epicranial aponeurosis and the muscles inserting into it, i.e., the occipitofrontalis musculus and temporoparietalis musculus. Synonym: musculus epicranius, epicranial muscle, scalp muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| psoas minor muscle | <anatomy> An inconstant muscle, absent in about 40%; origin, bodies of twelfth thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae and disk between them; insertion, iliopubic eminence via iliopectineal arch (iliac fascia); action, assists in flexion of lumbar spine; nerve supply, lumbar plexus. Synonym: musculus psoas minor, smaller psoas muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Sebileau's muscle | <anatomy> Deep fibres of the dartos tunic which pass into the scrotal septum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pterygopharyngeal part of superior constrictor muscle of pharynx | pterygopharyngeal part of superior constrictor muscle of pharynx |
| second tibial muscle | An inconstant muscle, of small size, arising from the back of the tibia and inserted into the articular capsule of the ankle joint. Synonym: second tibial muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| muscle contraction, concentric |
Contraction of a muscle in which the extended muscle is shortened. An example would be pulling the body up by grasping a bar over the head.
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| muscle contraction, eccentric |
Lengthening of the muscle as it contracts against resistance. An example would be the lowering of the body from a position in which the body was supported by the flexed arms, i.e., holding on to a bar above the head
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| muscle cramp |
A painful, involuntary skeletal muscle contraction. This may occur at rest or during exercise, is asymmetrical, and usually affects the gastrocnemius muscle and small muscles of the foot. Ordinary muscle cramps are not due to fluid
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| muscle cramps |
Painful involuntary contractions of muscles. They may be due to ischemia of the muscle(s), dehydration, or electrolyte imbalance. Cramps associated with exercise may be alleviated, if not abolished, by flexing (stretching) the inv
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| muscle excitability |
In a muscle fiber, the inducibility to contract. This is a function of the chemical and electrical state of the sarcolemma and the time since a previous stimulus was applied.
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