| angiotensin precursor | angiotensin |
|---|---|
| angiotensin-converting enzyme | <enzyme> This hydrolase enzyme cleaves the decapeptide angiotensin I (biologically inactive) to form active angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme which removes a dipeptide (histidylleucine) from angiotensin I. Angiotensin II causes contraction of vascular smooth muscle and thus raises blood pressure and stimulates aldosterone release from the adrenal glands. Angiotensin is finally broken down by angiotensinases. Elevations in angiotensin converting enzyme are seen sarcoidosis, histoplasmosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, asbestosis, berylliosis, diabetes, Hodgkin's disease, hyperthyroidism, amyloidosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, scleroderma, silicosis, tuberculosis, Gaucher's disease and leprosy. The normal values are 18 to 67 U/ml over 20 years of age (people under 20 have higher levels). Drugs that inhibit ACE are used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. See: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Acronym: ACE (12 Aug 2000) |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor | <pharmacology> A class of drugs used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their haemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and produce a reduction of peripheral arterial resistance. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility. (14 Aug 2000) |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme secretase | <enzyme> Converts ace from a membrane-bound to a soluble form; not inhibited by thiol, serine or acid enzyme inhibitor but is inhibited by edta and 1,10-phenanthroline Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- Synonym: ace secretase (26 Jun 1999) |
| angiotensin-related carboxypeptidase | <enzyme> Rat and bovine brain synaptosomal enzyme can hydrolyze angiotensin I to des-leu angiotensin I, but no further Registry number: EC 3.4.- Synonym: angiotensin-specific carboxypeptidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| angiotensinase | <hormone> A family of oligopeptides ranging in size from angiotensin precursors with 14 amino acids to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II with 8 amino acids, or their analogs or derivatives. The amino acid content varies with the species and changes in that content produce antagonistic or inactive compounds. Angiotensinogen (renin substrate) is a 60 kD polypeptide released from the liver and cleaved in the circulation by renin to form the biologically inactive decapeptide angiotensin I. This is in turn cleaved to form active angiotensin II by Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II causes contraction of vascular smooth muscle and thus raises blood pressure and stimulates aldosterone release from the adrenal glands. Angiotensin is finally broken down by angiotensinases. (12 Aug 2000) |
| angiotensinogen | <hormone> A family of oligopeptides ranging in size from angiotensin precursors with 14 amino acids to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II with 8 amino acids, or their analogs or derivatives. The amino acid content varies with the species and changes in that content produce antagonistic or inactive compounds. Angiotensinogen (renin substrate) is a 60 kD polypeptide released from the liver and cleaved in the circulation by renin to form the biologically inactive decapeptide angiotensin I. This is in turn cleaved to form active angiotensin II by Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II causes contraction of vascular smooth muscle and thus raises blood pressure and stimulates aldosterone release from the adrenal glands. Angiotensin is finally broken down by angiotensinases. (12 Aug 2000) |
| angiotensinogenase | <enzyme> An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyses cleavage of the leucine leucine bond in angiotensin to generate angiotensin. 1. The enzyme is synthesised as inactive prorenin in the kidney and released into the blood in the active form in response to various metabolic stimuli. Not to be confused with rennin (chymosin). (25 Jun 1999) |
| angiotomy | <anatomy> Dissection of the blood vessels and lymphatics of the body. Origin: Angio- + Gr. A cutting. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| angiotonia | The tone of blood vessels, particularly the arterioles. Synonym: angiotonia. Origin: vaso-+ G. Tonos, tone (05 Mar 2000) |
| angiotonic | 1. Relating to vascular tone. Synonym: angiotonic. 2. An agent that increases vascular tension. Synonym: vasostimulant. (05 Mar 2000) |
| angiotonin | Former name for angiotensin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| angiotrophic | Rarely used term for vasotrophic. Origin: angio-+ G. Trophe, nourishment (05 Mar 2000) |
| angiosperm |
(an
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| Angiostrongylidae |
(An
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| angioid streaks |
red to black irregular bands observed in the ocular fundus running outward from the region of the optic disk, which are seen in certain conditions, including pseudoxanthoma elasticum, osteitis deformans, and sickle-cell anemia. The lesions are thought to represent ruptures in Bruch's membrane.
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| angiomatosis |
(an
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| angiomegaly |
(an
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