| glycophilia | A condition in which there is a distinct tendency to develop hyperglycaemia, even after the ingestion of a relatively small quantity of glucose. Origin: Glyko-+ G. Phileo, to love (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| glycophorin | The major sialoglycoprotein of the human erythrocyte membrane. It consists of at least two sialoglycopeptides and is composed of 60% carbohydrate including sialic acid and 40% protein. It is involved in a number of different biological activities including the binding of mn blood groups, influenza viruses, kidney bean phytohemagglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycophorins | <protein> A class of abundant transmembrane glycoproteins of the human erythrocyte. The major component is a 131 residue peptide chain that is highly O glycosylated and is rich in terminal sialic acid. The peptide chain carries the MN blood group antigens at its N terminus. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glycophyte | <botany> A type of plant which can only grow in soils that have more than a 0.5% sodium chloride (salt) solution. most plants are glycophytes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| glycoprotein | <protein> Proteins with covalently attached sugar units, either bonded via the OH group of serine or threonine O glycosylated) or through the amide NH2 of asparagine (N glycosylated). Includes most secreted proteins (serum albumin is the major exception) and proteins exposed at the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Sugar residues found include: mannose, N acetyl glucosamine, N acetyl galactosamine, galactose, fucose and sialic acid. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glycoprotein endo-alpha-1,3-mannosidase | <enzyme> An endomannosidase; cleaves glucosyl alpha1-3-mannose from monoglucosylated oligosaccharide (glcman(7-9)glcnac) of the glycoprotein produced in the golgi membrane Registry number: EC 3.2.1.130 Synonym: glucosyl mannosidase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycoprotein glycosyltransferase | <enzyme> Enzymes which add monosaccharides from nucleoside mono-or diphosphate monosaccharides onto glycoproteins Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycoprotein hormone-specific N-acetylgalactosamine transferase | <enzyme> Transfers galnac to the terminal glcnac moieties of glcnac2man3glcnac2asn Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- Synonym: ghs-acgalnh2 transferase, glycoprotein hormone galnac transferase, glycoprotein hormone - n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycoprotein hormones, alpha subunit | A non-covalently bound subunit of the glycoprotein hormones tsh, fsh, lh, and hcg which originates in the anterior pituitary gland and placenta. This subunit is virtually identical in structure and indistinguishable by radioimmunoassay in all of the above glycoproteins. It is present in both men and women, but is elevated in postmenopausal women and in patients with hypothyroidism, uraemia and malignant tumours. The alpha subunit may be involved directly in recognition of certain receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine 3-beta-galactosyltransferase | <enzyme> Forms o-glycan core i; forms galactosyl beta 1,3-n-acetylgalactosaminide mucin Registry number: EC 2.4.1.122 Synonym: udp-galactose-n-acetylgalactosamine-alpha-r beta3-galactosyltransferase, glycoprotein-galnac-galactosyltransferase, gp galnac gal transferase, core I beta3-galactosyltransferase, galnac-1-o-ser or thr 1-3 galactosyltransferase, udp-gal-n-acetylgalactosaminide mucin-beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, udpgal-nacgm-galactosyltransferase, udp-galactose-alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminide beta 3 galactosyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glycoproteins | Conjugated proteins containing one or more covalently linked carbohydrate residues. While technically describing conjugates in which the carbohydrate is less than 4 per cent by weight, the term is often used generically to include the mucoproteins and proteoglycans. (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycoptyalism | Synonym: glycosialia. Origin: Glyco-+ G. Ptyalon, saliva (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycopyrrolate | <chemical> A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in some disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and to reduce salivation with some anaesthetics. Pharmacological action: anaesthesia adjuvants, muscarinic antagonists, parasympatholytics. Chemical name: Pyrrolidinium, 3-((cyclopentylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy)-1,1-dimethyl-, bromide (12 Dec 1998) |
| glycorrhachia | Presence of sugar in the cerebrospinal fluid. Origin: Glyco-+ G. Rhachis, spine (05 Mar 2000) |
| glycorrhoea | A discharge of sugar from the body, as in glucosuria, especially in unusually large quantities. Origin: Glyco-+ G. Rhoia, a flow (05 Mar 2000) |