| FAD | familial Alzheimer dementia; familial autonomic dysfunction; fetal activity-acceleration determinati... |
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| LVD | left ventricular dysfunction |
| MBD | Marchiafava-Bignami disease; Mental Deterioration Battery; methylene blue dye; minimal brain damage;... |
| MCD | magnetic circular dichroism; mast-cell degranulation; mean cell diameter; mean of consecutive differ... |
| MND | minimum necrosing dose; minor neurological dysfunction; modified neck dissection; motor neuron disea... |
| Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome | <syndrome> A rare congenital disorder that causes the body to not produce chylomicrons, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Individuals with this condition are unable to properly digest fats. Other findings include ataxia, peripheral neuropathy and other forms of nerve dysfunction. Treatment includes vitamin E. (27 Sep 1997) |
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| battered child syndrome | <radiology> Multiple assymetrical fractures, separation of distal epiphyses, irregularity and fragmentation of metaphyses, bucket-handle fracture, corner fracture of elbow, knee, ankle (sudden twisting motion), isolated spiral fracture, extensive periosteal reaction (subperiosteal haemorrhage), exuberant callus formation, cortical hyperostosis extending to epiphyseal plate, avulsion fracture at ligamentous insertion, subdural haematoma (most common), brain atrophy (up to 100%), infarction (50%), subdural hygroma, encephalomalacia, porencephaly (12 Dec 1998) |
| battered spouse syndrome | <syndrome> Physical, psychological, and emotional injuries in a person subjected to abuse by a spouse or domestic partner; usually associated with alcoholism in the abusing spouse. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bauer's syndrome | <syndrome> Aortitis and aortic endocarditis as a little recognised manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bazex's syndrome | <syndrome> Erythematous to plum-coloured scaly acral skin lesions, paronychia, and nail dysplasia; associated with cancer of the upper respiratory or upper alimentary tract. Synonym: paraneoplastic acrokeratosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Beckwith syndrome | <syndrome> This syndrome, of unknown cause, is characterised by a group of the following findings: large tongue, organ enlargement (visceromegaly), large body size, umbilical hernia and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Evidence suggests a genetic lesion. Birth weight is often more than 8 pounds. Complications include Wilm's tumour, seizures, aspiration and hypoglycaemia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome | <syndrome> This syndrome, of unknown cause, is characterised by a group of the following findings: large tongue, organ enlargement (visceromegaly), large body size, umbilical hernia and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Evidence suggests a genetic lesion. Birth weight is often more than 8 pounds. Complications include Wilm's tumour, seizures, aspiration and hypoglycaemia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Behcet's syndrome | <syndrome> A multisystem, chronic recurrent disease characterised by ulceration in the mouth and genitalia, iritis, uveitis, arthritis and thrombophlebitis. Often treated with immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, chlorambucil). (27 Sep 1997) |
| Behr's syndrome | <syndrome> Adult or presenile form of heredomacular degeneration. Synonym: Behr's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Benedikt's syndrome | <syndrome> Hemiplegia with clonic spasm or tremor and oculomotor paralysis on the opposite side. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Beradinelli's syndrome | <syndrome> The clinical findings of accelerated growth, lipodystrophy with muscular hypertrophy, hepatomegaly and lipaemia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Bernard-Horner syndrome | <syndrome> A nerve condition which involves a dropping eyelid (ptosis), constricted pupil, enophthalmos and lack of sweating on one side of the face. Often seen in association with injury (for example neck fracture, penetrating injury) to the cervical sympathetic nerve trunk in the neck or a Pancoast tumour involving both the upper and lower brachial plexus. (29 Sep 1997) |
| Bernard-Sergent syndrome | Severe adrenocortical insufficiency when an intercurrent illness or trauma causes an increased demand for adrenocortical hormones in a patient with adrenal insufficiency due to disease or use of relatively large amounts of similar hormones as therapy; characterised by nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and frequently hyperthemia, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia, and hypoglycaemia; can be fatal if untreated. Synonym: addisonian crisis, adrenal crisis, Bernard-Sergent syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bernard Soulier syndrome | <haematology, syndrome> A congenital disorder where the platelets lack receptors which allow them to adhere to the walls of blood vessels. The genetic deficiency in platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib allows platelets to aggregate normally (c.f. Glanzmann's thrombasthenia) but they do not stick to collagen of sub endothelial basement membrane. The net result is a platelet function disorder that causes a prolonged bleeding time. Symptoms include nosebleeds, easy bruising, heavy menstrual periods, bleeding gums and increased post-operative bleeding. Avoidance of aspirin, anti-inflammatories or any other agents which can cause bleeding is critical. (06 Oct 1997) |
| bernard syndrome | <syndrome> A complex of abnormal findings, namely sinking in of one eyeball, ipsilateral ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid on the same side) and miosis (constriction of the pupil of that eye) together with anhidosis (lack of sweating) and flushing of the affected side of the face. Due to paralysis of certain nerves (specifically, the cervical sympathetic nerves). Also called Horner-Bernard syndrome, Bernard-Horner syndrome and Horner's ptosis, but best known today as Horner syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |