| THRA | thyroid hormone receptor alpha |
|---|---|
| THUG | thyroid uptake gradient |
| TMA | tetramethylammonium; thrombotic microangiopathy; thyroid microsomal antibody; transcortical mixed ap... |
| TNM | primary tumor, regional nodes, metastasis [tumor staging]; thyroid node metastases; tumor node metas... |
| TPO | thyroid peroxidase; tryptophan peroxidase |
| carcinoma, verrucous | A variant of well-differentiated epidermoid carcinoma that is most common in the oral cavity, but also occurs in the larynx, nasal cavity, oesophagus, penis, anorectal region, vulva, vagina, uterine cervix, and skin, especially on the sole of the foot. Most intraoral cases occur in elderly male abusers of smokeless tobacco. The treatment is surgical resection. Radiotherapy is not indicated, as up to 30% treated with radiation become highly aggressive within six months. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| V-2 carcinoma | <tumour> A transplantable, highly malignant carcinoma of experimental animals that developed as a result of malignant change in a virus-induced papilloma of a domestic rabbit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gallbladder carcinoma | <radiology> Females (80%), peak age 60 - 70 years of age, associated with, gallstones (60-90%), porcelain gall bladder (12 Dec 1998) |
| gastric carcinoma | <radiology> 3rd most common GI malignancy (after colorectal and pancreas), 95% adenocarcinoma (rarely squamous cell or adenoacanthoma), predisposing factors: pernicious anaemia (2X risk), chronic atrophic gastritis, adenomatous and villous polyp (7-27% are malignant), gastrojejunostomy types: polypoid / fungating, ulcerating / penetrating (70%), infiltrating / scirrous = linitis plastica, increase in fibrous tissue; aperistalsis; rigidity, superficial spreading carcinoma, confined to mucosa/submucosa; 95% 5-year survival, patch of nodularity; little loss of elasticity location: 60% lesser curvature, 30% GE junction, 10% greater curvature probability of malignancy of an ulcer: fundus 90%, greater curvature 70%, lesser curvature 10-15% (12 Dec 1998) |
| papillary carcinoma | <tumour> A malignant neoplasm characterised by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| verrucous carcinoma | <tumour> A well differentiated papillary squamous cell carcinoma, especially of the oral cavity or penis, that may invade locally but rarely metastasizes; the usual cytologic features of malignancy are absent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell carcinoma | <tumour> A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterised by unusually large anaplastic cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| villous carcinoma | <tumour> A form of carcinoma in which there are numerous, closely packed, papillary projections of neoplastic epithelial tissue. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glandular carcinoma | <oncology, tumour> A form of cancer that involves cells from the lining of the walls of many different organs of the body. Breast cancer is a type of adenocarcinoma. (14 May 1997) |
| renal cell carcinoma | <oncology, tumour> The most common form of kidney cancer which occurs when the cells lining the renal tubule undergo cancerous changes. There are approximately 18,000 new cases of renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma) per year in the U.S. With about 8,000 deaths annually. Smoking is considered a major risk factor. Kidney dialysis patients are at increased risk for the development of hypernephroma. Family history for renal cell carcinoma is also considered a risk factor. Symptoms include haematuria, flank pain, abdominal pain, back pain, weight loss and abdominal swelling. (27 Sep 1997) |
| medullary carcinoma | <tumour> A malignant neoplasm, comparatively soft and brainlike in consistency, that consists chiefly of neoplastic epithelial cells, with only a scant amount of fibrous stroma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| melanotic carcinoma | <tumour> Obsolete term for melanoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| meningeal carcinoma | <tumour> An infiltration of carcinoma cells in the arachnoid and subarachnoid space; may be primary or secondary. Synonym: leptomeningeal carcinoma, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, meningeal carcinomatosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mesometanephric carcinoma | A rare tumour of the female genital tract, most often the ovary, formerly considered to be derived from mesonephric rests. Two varieties are recognised: (1) clear cell carcinoma, so called because of its histologic resemblance to renal cell carcinoma, and now considered to be of muellerian duct derivation and (2) an embryonal tumour (called also endodermal sinus tumour and yolk sac tumour), occurring chiefly in children. The latter variety may also arise in the testis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| metaplastic carcinoma | <tumour> A carcinoma in which some of the tumour cells are spindle shaped, suggesting a sarcoma, or in which the stroma shows foci of bone or cartilage; such carcinoma's occur in the upper respiratory or alimentary tract or in the breast. (05 Mar 2000) |