| aromatic d-amino-acid decarboxylase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of l-dopa to dopamine, of l-tryptophan to tryptamine, and of l-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin; important in the biosynthetic pathway of catecholamines and melanin. Synonym: dopa decarboxylase, hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| aromatic-l-amino-acid decarboxylases | <enzyme> An enzyme group with broad specificity. The enzymes decarboxylate a range of aromatic amino acids including dopa (dopa decarboxylase), tryptophan, and hydroxytryptophan. Chemical name: Aromatic-L-amino-acid carboxy-lyase Registry number: EC 4.1.1.28 (12 Dec 1998) |
| arsanilic acid | An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals. (4-aminophenyl)-arsonic acid monosodium salt. (12 Dec 1998) |
| arsenous acid | See: arsenic trioxide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arsonic acid | A derivative of arsenic acid by replacement of a hydroxyl group by an organic radical. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arylarsonic acid | An arsonic acid containing an aryl radical; e.g., arsenilic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ascorbic acid | <biochemistry> A requisite in the diet of man and guinea pigs. May act as a reducing agent in enzymic reactions, particularly those catalysed by hydroxylases. Synonym: Vitamin C. (18 Nov 1997) |
| ascorbic acid deficiency | A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin c), characterised by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of haemorrhage. Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into scurvy in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. It develops also commonly in chronic alcoholism. (cecil textbook of medicine, 19th ed, p1177) (12 Dec 1998) |
| asparagine-oxo-acid aminotransferase | <enzyme> Consider also EC 2.6.1.45, serine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, which also acts on asparagine Registry number: EC 2.6.1.14 Synonym: asparagine transaminase (26 Jun 1999) |
| asparaginic acid | <amino acid> One of the twenty naturally occurring amino acids. Has the following chemical characteristics: pKa1 pKa2 pKa3 pI Water Solubility (30deg C)2.09-3.86 9.82 2.97 0.6 (09 Oct 1997) |
| aspartic acid | <amino acid> One of the twenty naturally occurring amino acids. Has the following chemical characteristics: pKa1 pKa2 pKa3 pI Water Solubility (30deg C)2.09-3.86 9.82 2.97 0.6 (09 Oct 1997) |
| aspartic acid 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase | <enzyme> Hydroxylates one aspartic acid residue in the first egf-like unit of factor ix Registry number: EC 1.14.11.- Synonym: aspartate 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase, asp-2-og-dioxygenase, aspartyl beta-hydroxylase, aspartyl (asparaginyl) beta-hydroxylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| aspergillic acid | 2-Hydroxy-3-isobutyl-6-(1-methylpropyl)pyrazine-1-oxide;produced by Aspergillus flavus; an antibiotic agent moderately active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but toxic to animal tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Aspergillus acid proteinase | <enzyme> Included in the group of microbial carboxyl proteinases EC 3.4.23.6; has been sequenced; genbank d87681 Registry number: EC 3.4.23.- Synonym: apfap, aspergillus fumigatus acid proteinase, aspergillus niger acid proteinase, aspergillus awamori acid proteinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| atractosylidic acid | The steroid aglycon and toxic principle of atractylic acid. Synonym: atractosylidic acid, atractylin. (05 Mar 2000) |