| FHIT | fragile histidine triad [gene] |
|---|---|
| GAG | glycosaminoglycan; group-specific antigen gene |
| GAS | galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome; gastric acid secretion; gastrin; gastroenterology; general adaptat... |
| gp | gene product; glycoprotein; group |
| GTA | gene transfer agent; Glanzmann thrombasthenia; glycerol teichoic acid |
| gene products, pol | Retroviral proteins coded by the pol gene. Often synthesised as a gag-pol fusion protein (fusion proteins, gag-pol) and later cleaved into final products that include reverse transcriptase, endonuclease/integrase, and viral protease. Pol is short for polymerase, the enzyme class of reverse transcriptase. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| gene products, rev | Trans-acting nuclear proteins whose functional expression are required for HIV viral replication. Specifically, the rev gene products are required for processing and translation of the HIV gag and env mRNAs, and thus rev regulates the expression of the viral structural proteins. Rev can also regulate viral regulatory proteins. A cis-acting antirepression sequence (car) in env, also known as the rev-responsive element (rre), is responsive to the rev gene product. Rev is short for regulator of virion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene products, rex | Post-transcriptional regulatory proteins required for the accumulation of mRNAs that encode the gag and env gene products in HTLV-I and HTLV-II. The rex (regulator x; x is undefined) products act by binding to elements in the ltr. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene products, tat | Trans-acting transcription factors. Nuclear proteins whose expression is required for HIV viral replication. The tat protein stimulates HIV-ltr-driven RNA synthesis for both viral regulatory and viral structural proteins. Tat stands for trans-activation of transcription. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene products, tax | Transcriptional trans-acting proteins of the promoter elements found in the long-terminal repeats (ltr) of HTLV-I and HTLV-II. The tax (trans-activator x; x is undefined) proteins act by binding to enhancer elements in the ltr. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene products, vif | A 23 kD regulatory protein important for virion infectivity in HIV. The protein is found in the cytoplasm of HIV-infected cells and is not absolutely required for virion formation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene products, vpr | Trans-acting proteins which accelerate virus replication in HIV. The vpr proteins act in trans to increase the levels of HIV specified proteins. Vpr is short for viral protein r, where r is undefined. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene products, vpu | Non-glycosylated, membrane-associated, 16 kD proteins which are expressed in large amounts in cells infected with HIV-1. The proteins are required for efficient virion maturation and release. They are not present in HIV-2 nor in siv. Vpu is short for viral protein u, with u undefined. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene rearrangement | A structural alteration of a chromosome that causes a change in the orderof its loci. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte | Ordered rearrangement of b-lymphocyte variable gene regions coding for the immunoglobulin chains, thereby contributing to antibody diversity. It occurs during the differentiation of the immature b-lymphocyte. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte, heavy chain | Ordered rearrangement of b-lymphocyte variable gene regions thereby contributing to antibody diversity. It occurs during the first stage of differentiation of the immature b-lymphocyte. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte, light chain | Ordered rearrangement of b-lymphocyte variable gene regions coding for the kappa or lambda light chains, thereby contributing to antibody diversity. It occurs during the second stage of differentiation of the immature b-lymphocyte. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene rearrangement, t-lymphocyte | Ordered rearrangement of T-cell variable gene regions coding for the antigen receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| gene redundancy | A situation in which many copies of the same gene exist in a genome. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene regulation | The DNA and protein interactions in a gene that determine the temporal and spatial modes of expression as well as the amplitude of expression. (14 Nov 1997) |