| congenital stridor | Crowing inspiration occurring at birth or within the first few months of life; sometimes without apparent cause and sometimes due to abnormal flaccidity of epiglottis or arytenoids. Synonym: laryngeal stridor. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| congenital sutural alopecia | A syndrome of bony anomalies of the calvaria, face, and jaw, with brachygnathia, narrow curved nose, and multiple ocular defects including microphthalmia, microcornea, and cataract, often with alopecia overlying skull sutures, or alopecia areata and hypoplasia, or absence of eyebrows. The pattern of inheritance is undecided. Synonym: congenital sutural alopecia, Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, Hallermann-Streiff-Francois syndrome, mandibulo-oculofacial syndrome, oculomandibulodyscephaly, oculomandibulofacial syndrome, progeria with cataract, progeria with microphthalmia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital syphilis | <radiology> Wimberger sign, periostitis, part of ToRCHS complex (12 Dec 1998) |
| congenital torticollis | Torticollis due to a unilateral fibrous tumour in the sternocleidomastoid muscle, present at birth as a swelling that may subside or may lead to torticollis by shortening of the muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital total lipodystrophy | Lipodystrophy characterised by almost complete lack of subcutaneous fat, accelerated rate of growth and skeletal development during the first 3 to 4 years of life, muscular hypertrophy, cardiac enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, hypertrichosis, renal enlargement, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypermetabolism; both autosomal dominant and X-linked varieties exist. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital toxoplasmosis | Toxoplasmosis apparently resulting from parasites in an infected mother being transmitted in utero to the foetus, observed as three syndromes: 1) acute, most of the organs contain foci of necrosis in association with fever, jaundice, hydrocephaly, encephalomyelitis, pneumonitis, cutaneous rash, ophthalmic lesions, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly; 2) subacute, most of the lesions are partly healed or calcified, but those in the brain and eye seem to remain active, inasmuch as chorioretinitis is observed in more than 80% of diseased infants; 3) chronic, usually not recognised during the newborn period, but chorioretinitis and cerebral lesions may be detected weeks to years later. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital valve | An abnormal lining fold obstructing a passage; e.g., of a mucous membrane in the urethra. (05 Mar 2000) |
| congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia | A series of inherited inborn errors of metabolism with hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex and overproduction of virilizing hormones. Most common forms are due to partial or complete 21-hydroxylase deficiency, leading to increased ACTH production by the pituitary, stimulating adrenal growth and function. Severe form is characterised by salt-losing state. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung, congenital | A developmental anomaly that usually becomes apparent in the neonatal period with progressive respiratory distress. This malformation is a focal pulmonary dysplasia characterised by a multicystic mass of terminal bronchiolar structures. Ccam is classified into 3 separate types (I, II, III) depending on cyst size. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heart defects, congenital | Imperfections or malformations of the heart, existing at birth. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hip dislocation, congenital | Congenital dislocation of the hip generally includes subluxation of the femoral head, acetabular dysplasia, and complete dislocation of the femoral head from the true acetabulum. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live births and is more common in females than in males. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hyperostosis, cortical, congenital | A disease of young infants characterised by soft tissue swellings over the affected bones, fever, and irritability, and marked by periods of remission and exacerbation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma | Erythroderma or a collodion membrane at birth, usually without improvement during childhood, characterised by proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes with lipid accumulation; autosomal recessive inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| syphilis, congenital | Syphilis acquired in utero and manifested by any of several characteristic tooth (hutchinson's teeth) or bone malformations and by active mucocutaneous syphilis at birth or shortly thereafter. Ocular and neurologic changes may also occur. (12 Dec 1998) |
| disease, congenital heart | A birth defect of the heart or great blood vessels (like the aorta). (12 Dec 1998) |